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Gubanov 843 herbarium specimen, Moyynkum sands 60 km east of Taraz, Jambyl Region, Kazakhstan (1958)
Gubanov 843 is a herbarium accession of cannabis gathered on slightly fixed sands of the Moyynkum desert, 60 km east of Dzhambul, today's Taraz, in Jambyl Region, Kazakhstan, on 8 June 1958 by I. A. Gubanov, who determined it as Cannabis ruderalis Janischewsky The Moscow University Herbarium holds the sheet as MW0818730.
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South Chuy hemp
South Chuy hemp (Russian: Южная чуйская, Yuzhnaya Chuyskaya) is a Soviet variety of hemp grown for fibre in the Chu Valley of the Kirghiz SSR, now Kyrgyzstan. The Chuy Experimental Station bred it, and it was zoned for the republic's state and collective farms. In the Institute of Hemp's grouping by seed weight it was one of the large-seeded southern varieties. In 1964 the government of the Kirghiz SSR decided to stop growing it from 1965. The criminal code of the RSFSR punished the sowing of South Chuy hemp from 1965, and the hemp was also named in the codes of the Kazakh SSR, from 1987, and the Kirghiz SSR.
The bast-fibre state farms of the Kirghiz SSR were set up in Frunze oblast in 1930–1932, at the same time as the Atbashi irrigation system was built. Their land lay in the middle of the oblast, on the grey soils of the Chu Valley. There were four of them: Nizhne-Chuysky, the largest, Dzhangi-Dzher, Dzhangi-Pakhta and Vasilyevsky. The valley's frost-free season lasts 129 to 188 days, and its warmth from April to September was enough for southern hemp and kenaf. Rainfall averaged 332 millimetres a year and fell mostly in spring, so industrial crops could be grown in the valley only under irrigation.
The farms sowed hemp at the same time as the early spring cereals. On the heavy soils of the valley the main sowing came at the end of March and the beginning of April, at 50 kilograms of seed a hectare for hemp grown for both fibre and seed and 60 to 70 kilograms for zelenets, hemp grown for fibre alone. Until 1952 the farms grew their hemp for both fibre and seed.
South Chuy hemp had a long growing season of 165 to 170 days. It gave good fibre, shed little seed and resisted the hemp flea beetle. It withstood spring frosts down to −6 °C, so it could be sown early. …
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