Hooker s.n., Marocco (1871)
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| Hooker herbarium specimen, Marocco (1871) | |
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| Hooker s.n., Marocco (1871) | |
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| Hooker s.n., held by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew as K001604462 (CC BY 4.0) | |
| At a Glance | |
| Classification | Other |
| Location | |
| Country | Morocco |
| Province/State | Marrakesh Prefecture |
| Locality | Marrakesh |
| Collection | |
| Method | Herbarium specimen |
| Sourcing Type | Historical |
| Date | 1871 |
| Collector | J.D. Hooker |
| Specimen | |
| Repository | Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |
| Catalogue Number | K001604462 |
| Collector Number | Hooker, J.D. s.n. |
| Scientific Name | Cannabis sativa subsp. indica (Lam.) E.Small & Cronquist |
| Identified By | E. Small (1975) |
| Occurrence Record | View occurrence record |
Hooker s.n., Marocco is a herbarium accession of Cannabis sativa gathered in southern Morocco in 1871, during the journey of Joseph Dalton Hooker, John Ball and George Maw. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew holds the sheet as K001604462.[1] Its printed label names the collector as Dr. Hooker, and a handwritten addition reads Hort. Marocco.
Collection and locality
The collection label is a printed slip reading SOUTH MAROCCO. and Coll. DR. HOOKER. April-May. 1871. A handwritten line after the printed locality reads Hort. Marocco, and the name Cannabis sativa L. is written by hand at the head of the slip.[2] The catalogue gives no locality and dates the gathering to 1 April 1871.[1] The label gives two months and no day, so the infobox stores the year.
On 1 April 1871 Hooker, Maw and Ball left Southampton for Gibraltar with a young gardener from Kew named Crump.[3]: 1 Their account of the journey, published in 1878, uses Marocco for the city as well as the country. It records that they entered the city of Marocco on the afternoon of 3 May and left it on Monday 8 May.[3]: 125–128, 157 The city is Marrakesh, which gave its name to the kingdom.[4] Hort. is read here as an abbreviation of hortus (garden), which places the plant in a garden in the city.
Kif in the 1878 account
The account does not name Cannabis. Describing a hamlet in the hills above Tétouan, it says that tobacco smoking appears to be unknown in Marocco, while kief—prepared from the chopped leaves of common hemp—is almost universally employed for that purpose both by Moors and Berebers.[3]: 46 Kief is the authors' spelling of kif.
Specimen and identification
The sheet holds a single flowering stem on a part-sheet pasted at the upper left of the mount, with a green oval stamp of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.[2] A typed slip records a determination by Ernest Small of Canada Agriculture in August 1975: Cannabis sativa L. subsp. indica (Lam.) Small & Cronq., the name under which GBIF publishes the occurrence.[1] Small and Arthur Cronquist published that combination in their 1976 treatment of the genus.[5] One image of the sheet is published with the occurrence under a Creative Commons Attribution licence.[1]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Occurrence 4519454856: Cannabis sativa subsp. indica". GBIF. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 4 October 2026.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Digitised sheet K001604462: Cannabis sativa". Kew Herbarium images. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 4 October 2026.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hooker, Joseph Dalton; Ball, John (1878). Journal of a Tour in Marocco and the Great Atlas. London: Macmillan. Retrieved 4 October 2026.
- ↑ "Marrakech". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 4 October 2026.
- ↑ Small, Ernest; Cronquist, Arthur (August 1976). "A practical and natural taxonomy for Cannabis". Taxon. 25 (4): 405–435. doi:10.2307/1220524.
