South Arkhon hemp
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| Kind of name | Local name |
|---|---|
| Also called | Juzhnaja Arxonskaja Yuzhnaia Arkhonskaia |
| Language | Russian |
| Refers to | A variety of southern hemp |
| Country | Russia |
|---|---|
| Places | North Ossetia–Alania Kabardino-Balkaria |
| First recorded | 1971[1]: 96 |
South Arkhon hemp (Russian: Южная архонская, Yuzhnaya Arkhonskaya) is a Soviet variety of southern hemp, grown in the North Caucasus in the 1960s and 1970s. In North Ossetia it was used in the late 1960s to make the drug anasha.[2] It was among the bred varieties popular with Soviet hemp growers in 1971.[1]: 96 In 1987 Soviet criminal law added it to the list of hemps whose sowing or growing was a crime.[3]
Cultivation
Bred varieties covered 96.9 per cent of the Soviet hemp area in 1969. YuS-6, South Pavlograd, South Arkhon and Krasnodar 35 were among the varieties popular with hemp growers in 1971.[1]: 96
South Arkhon hemp was sown on the trial plots of a study of chemical weeding in seed hemp at the collective farm 2-ya Pyatiletka in Tersky district of the Kabardino-Balkar ASSR, published in 1974. The plants were set out in a pattern of 15 by 45 by 60 centimetres. The weed under trial was common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, which ripens at the same time as seed hemp is harvested. The district was dry, with no more than 400 millimetres of rain a year, on carbonate chernozem soils.[4]: 91–92
Drug use
According to Maksimov, Gabzalilov and Agliullin, writing from a file in the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the local hemp called South Arkhon was used in the North Ossetian ASSR to make anasha. In their words the hemp was «по своим свойствам близкая к индийской», close in its properties to Indian hemp. Courts in the republic convicted 16 people in 1968 and 1969 for making anasha from it.[2]
Law
A decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet of 22 June 1987 added South Arkhon and South Krasnodar hemp to the hemps whose sowing or growing was punished with up to five years' imprisonment. The list already held Indian, South Manchurian and South Chuy hemp.[3] The RSFSR criminal code took the five names by a decree of 29 June 1987,[5][6] and the Kazakh SSR code by a decree of 30 July 1987.[7]
Seed lots
The Vavilov Institute holds a lot named Juzhnaja Arxonskaja, 618_405, with the Soviet Union as its country of origin.[8] The Institute of Bast Crops at Hlukhiv holds lot UF0600424, named Yuzhnaia Arkhonskaia, acquired in 1999 and recorded as an advanced cultivar from Russia.[9]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Demkin, A. P. (1971). "Сорт и производительность труда в коноплеводстве". Биология, возделывание и первичная обработка конопли и кенафа (in русский). Vol. 34. Glukhov: Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт лубяных культур. pp. 96–101 – via Internet Archive.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Maksimov, K. V.; Gabzalilov, V. F.; Agliullin, A. R. (2020). "Некоторые аспекты противодействия незаконному обороту наркотиков на территории РСФСР в 1960-е годы". Общество, право, государственность: ретроспектива и перспектива (in русский) (1 (1)).
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Babayan, E. A. (1990). "The legal regulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics". Bulletin on Narcotics. 42 (1): 73–81.
- ↑ Tarasov, A. V.; Tarchokov, Kh. Sh. (1974). "Химическая прополка семенных посевов конопли против амброзии полыннолистной". Биология, возделывание и первичная обработка конопли и кенафа (in русский). Vol. 35. Glukhov: Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт лубяных культур. pp. 91–96 – via Internet Archive.
- ↑ Sumachev, A.V. (2018). "Уголовная политика России в сфере борьбы с незаконным оборотом наркотиков (с 70-х годов – до наших дней)". Вестник Югорского государственного университета (in русский) (2 (49)): 24–30. doi:10.17816/byusu20180224-30.
- ↑ Уголовный кодекс РСФСР, 27 October 1960, arts. 225 and 225.1, in the wording of 1987.RSFSR.Retrieved 12 October 2026.
- ↑ Уголовный кодекс Казахской ССР, 22 July 1959, arts. 212-1 and 213, as worded by the Ukaz of 30 July 1987.Kazakh SSR.Retrieved 12 October 2026.
- ↑ "618_405, Cannabis sativa L." Genesys. Global Crop Diversity Trust. Retrieved 24 October 2026.
- ↑ "UF0600424, Cannabis sativa L." Genesys. Global Crop Diversity Trust. Retrieved 24 October 2026.