Eastern Mongolia
More actions
| Eastern Mongolia | |
|---|---|
| ActiveCannabis last recorded here in 2018 | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 47.54, 113.49 |
| Country | Mongolia |
| Provinces/States | Khentii Province,Dornod Province,Sükhbaatar Province |
| Area | 287,000 km² |
| Growing history | |
| Dated accessions | 1975–2018 |
| Conservation | |
| Populations | none documented yet |
Eastern Mongolia is a cannabis growing region in Mongolia made up of the country's three eastern provinces, Khentii, Dornod and Sükhbaatar. Wild hemp grows there. A national programme against drugs adopted in 2000 named Khalkh Gol district, in Dornod, among the places where it grew fairly widely,[1] and between 2013 and 2017 the police destroyed it in Khentii and Dornod.[2] Botanists gathered it in all three provinces between 1975 and 1991, and seed was collected in Khentii and Sükhbaatar in 2018.
Geography
The region's border follows the outer lines of the three provinces (aimags). It covers about 287,000 km². To the west it meets the Northern Mongolia growing region on the borders of Töv and Selenge; to the north it follows the frontier with Russia, across which lies the Transbaikal growing region; to the east and south it follows the frontier with China, and across its eastern stretch lies the Northeast China growing region. The region takes in the valleys of the Onon and the Kherlen, the steppe of Dornod and Sükhbaatar, and the Khalkhin Gol and its tributary the Nömrög in the western spurs of the Greater Khingan.
Wild stands
O. V. Zhurba gathered hemp at Bayankhangai, in Matad district of Dornod, on 1 July 1975.[3] In July 1985 I. A. Gubanov found the plant very plentiful on waste ground by the frontier guard detachment at Erdenetsagaan, in the south-east of Sükhbaatar,[4] and six days later in open elm woodland on the stony left bank of the Nömrög, at about 950 m.[5]
Sh. Dariymaa, R. V. Kamelin, Gubanov and two other botanists gathered it again in 1987, on 28 June in the Nömrög valley[6] and on 19 July in the valley of the Khalkhin Gol, 35 km above the settlement of Sümber, at 720 to 750 m.[7] On 6 August of the same year K. Pistrick and Č. Sančir, of a Mongolian-German expedition, found it on a valley floor with an open stand of Siberian elm, about 11 km south-west of the centre of Matad district.[8] In Khentii, Dariymaa and Gubanov gathered it in 1989 in the Eren-Daba range, north-west of Norovlin on the road to the Onon crossing,[9] and Gubanov and Kamelin in 1990 on a littered patch of the Onon floodplain[10] and in 1991 in a dry stream bed on the mountain Kherlen-Tongo, south of Delgerkhaan, at 1,350 to 1,450 m.[11]
Seed was collected in September 2018 in Dadal district of Khentii and in Khalzan district of Sükhbaatar. Plants grown from it in a growth chamber at the Institut Botànic de Barcelona are its herbarium vouchers.[12][13] In a genetic study published in 2025, plants from eastern Mongolia fell into one group with plants from northern China (Jilin, Gansu and Inner Mongolia). The authors found that group sister to all other cannabis; plants from western Mongolia fell into a different group, with plants from Russia and Central Asia.[14]
Gathering and destruction
The programme of 2000 counted the easy access to wild hemp, in Khalkh Gol district and in the northern provinces, among the causes of drug crime in Mongolia.[1] A police criminology report on a survey made in 2017 lists Khentii and Dornod among the eight provinces where the range of wild hemp had been established and where, from 2013 to 2017, the police destroyed it on 1,497.8 hectares, counted with repeats; no destruction took place in 2016.[2] The report does not break the figure down by province.
Licensed hemp
The trade publication HempToday reported in 2019 that Hemp Mongolia, in its words the first company the health ministry had allowed to farm and process hemp, had put in its first trial crop that year in Khentii.[15]
Growing Areas
No growing areas documented yet.
Accessions
Recent news
No news items are recorded for this growing region yet.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Хар тамхи, мансууралтай тэмцэх үндэсний хөтөлбөр(Засгийн газрын 2000 оны 34 дүгээр тогтоолын 1 дүгээр хавсралт), 2000.Mongolia.Retrieved 20 October 2026.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Хүүхэд, өсвөр насныхны мансууруулах эм, сэтгэцэд нөлөөт бодист автах эрсдэл, түүнээс урьдчилан сэргийлэх арга хэмжээ: криминологи судалгааны тайлан (PDF) (Report) (in монгол). Retrieved 20 October 2026.
- ↑ "Specimen MW0175121: Cannabis sativa L." Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 21 October 2026.
- ↑ "Specimen MW0175119: Cannabis sativa L." Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 12 October 2026.
- ↑ "Specimen MW0175111: Cannabis sativa L." Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 12 October 2026.
- ↑ "Specimen MW0175112: Cannabis sativa L." Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 21 October 2026.
- ↑ "Specimen MW0175113: Cannabis sativa L." Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 21 October 2026.
- ↑ "Occurrence 1799079492: Cannabis sativa L." GBIF. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 12 October 2026.
- ↑ "Specimen MW0175114: Cannabis sativa L." Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 21 October 2026.
- ↑ "Specimen MW0175115: Cannabis sativa L." Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 12 October 2026.
- ↑ "Specimen MW0175116: Cannabis sativa L." Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 21 October 2026.
- ↑ "Occurrence 5797307607: Cannabis sativa L." GBIF. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 12 October 2026.
- ↑ "Occurrence 5797313367: Cannabis sativa L." GBIF. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 12 October 2026.
- ↑ Balant, Manica; Vitales, Daniel; Wang, Zhiqiang; et al. (2025). "Integrating target capture with whole genome sequencing of recent and natural history collections to explain the phylogeography of wild-growing and cultivated cannabis". Plants, People, Planet. 7 (6): 1771–1788. doi:10.1002/ppp3.70043.
- ↑ "Startup seeks investors for hemp 'bridge' between Asia, Europe". HempToday. 19 June 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2026.