Cannabis eradication in Fiji
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Cannabis eradication in Fiji is conducted by the Fiji Police Force under the Illicit Drugs Control Act 2004, with operations concentrated in the Kadavu island group of the Eastern Division and supplementary activity in Cakaudrove, Macuata and the Navosa highlands. Sustained Kadavu-focused operations have been documented since at least 2018.[1][2] The national umbrella programme Operation Sasamaki was launched on 1 March 2025.[1]
Operation Sasamaki reported the destruction of 18.2 tonnes of cannabis valued at an estimated FJ$241 million across nine sequential phases between March and December 2025, with 1,239 arrests, supported by approximately 700 deployed personnel and expanded drone surveillance.[1] Acting Commissioner Rusiate Tudravu in March 2021 had already reported 82,700 plants uprooted from Kadavu alone in the preceding fourteen months, valued at FJ$100 million, with twelve police teams deployed during the period.[3] ACP Abdul Khan in October 2021 reported 90,027 plants uprooted from Kadavu in the first ten months of that year alone, with an estimated street value of FJ$1.5 billion.[4] An August 2022 court-ordered destruction at Vunisea incinerated 81,000 plants from the cumulative 2018 to 2021 caseload.[5]
Eradication is conducted by the Fiji Police Force without participation by the Republic of Fiji Military Forces. Community-based informant networks, vanua (traditional governance), faith-based community structures and provincial councils are consistently named as enforcement partners.[4][6]
Legal framework
Main article: Legal history of cannabis in Fiji
The principal active legal framework is the Illicit Drugs Control Act 2004, under which cannabis is classified as a Schedule 1 illicit drug.[7] The Act incorporates a broad definition of "cultivate" that "includes planting, sowing, scattering the seed, growing, nurturing, tending or harvesting".[7] Cultivation, possession and trafficking offences carry custodial penalties scaled by quantity, with a mandatory minimum of three months imprisonment for any quantity up to 100 grams.[8]
The predecessor Dangerous Drugs Act [Cap 114] remains relevant for certain provisions and uses the older terminology "Indian hemp", defined as Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica or any portion thereof.[9] Section 7 of the Act prohibits cultivation in Fiji of "Indian hemp" by any person.[9]
In July 2022, Police Commissioner Brigadier-General Sitiveni Qiliho advanced an interpretation of landowner liability under the framework at a meeting of the Kadavu Provincial Council, telling delegates that landowners can be held responsible for cannabis cultivation on their land "even if you do not know that there are marijuana plants on your land".[6]
Enforcement structure
Specialist units
Cannabis enforcement is conducted by a coalition of units rather than a single dedicated agency:
- Drug Operations Team — primary cultivation enforcement unit. Named in the January 2021 Vacalea raid, Kadavu.[10]
- Criminal Investigations Department (CID) — frequently named in joint raids. Provides investigative support and post-raid case-building.[11]
- Police Special Response Unit (PSRU) — paramilitary support unit deployed for raids in difficult terrain. Named in May 2020 Tukavesi-area operations.[12]
- Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) — evidence collection support. Named in the March 2023 Gau operation.[11]
- K9 unit — explosives and narcotics detection support.[11]
- Fiji Detector Dog Unit — dedicated narcotics-detection K9 unit, named in the August 2022 Nadi hotel raid.[13]
- Internal Affairs Unit — investigates allegations of officer misconduct in the course of operations. Deployed to Kadavu in March 2026 to investigate property-damage allegations.[14]
Divisional task forces
Divisional task forces with cannabis-enforcement remits include:
- Eastern Division Task Force — covers Kadavu, Lau, Lomaiviti and Rotuma. Named in the November 2020 Tailevu operation and March 2023 Gau (Lomaiviti) operation.[15][11]
- Labasa Taskforce — Northern Division operations centred on Labasa, Macuata. Named in the February 2023 Dogotuki operation.[16]
- Tukavesi Police Station-led joint team — Cakaudrove south-coast operations.[12]
- Nadi Operations and Narcotics Team — Western Division urban operations.[13]
- Criminal Intelligence Unit — joint investigative support across divisional taskforces.[16]
Permanent station presence
The Kadavu Police Station at Vunisea is the principal operational base for sustained Kadavu enforcement. The station houses the incinerator used for court-ordered destruction of seized cannabis exhibits.[5] Other named station-level participants include:
Operational doctrine
Rotational divisional deployment
The doctrine of rotating officers from multiple divisions and units onto Kadavu-based campaigns has been operational since at least early 2020. Tudravu in March 2021 reported that twelve teams had been deployed to Kadavu over the preceding fourteen months in response to the volume of cultivation identified.[3] Khan in October 2021 confirmed officers were being deployed "on a rotational basis" with farm raids occurring weekly to fortnightly, and described the Kadavu operations as a "second wave".[4] Operation Sasamaki adopted the rotational doctrine in nine sequential phases supported by approximately 700 deployed personnel.[1]
Drone surveillance
Drone surveillance of cultivation sites is documented from at least mid-2022. Commissioner Sitiveni Qiliho in July 2022 told the Kadavu Provincial Council "we have brought in technology to surveillance the area and even got the church too. Drones alone cannot solve the issue."[6] The 26 February 2026 Sasamaki retrospective frames drones as an "expanded" capability of the programme.[1] The 26 March 2026 Natewa raid in Cakaudrove was a drone-led discovery, with the surveillance flight identifying a 7,000-plant cultivation site at Qaranibali in Vusasivo.[14]
Community partnership
Community informants are the primary trigger for raids documented across the dataset. Khan in October 2021 stated that "the success of the drug operations was dependent on the support of community and religious leaders. Those who are cultivating the illegal drugs are living in the same communities therefore the sharing of information is important to curbing the illegal activity".[4] Tudravu in April 2025 acknowledged the vanua, faith-based leaders and crime prevention committees as central enforcement allies.[18]
Faith-based engagement
Faith-based community structures play an operational role in Fijian eradication. The February 2020 Ketei (Totoya) case documents the response chain: village headman discovery, uprooting of plants by the headman, deposit of the destroyed material with the village chaplain, and notification of police on a neighbouring island.[17] The December 2025 Rabi case documents an administrator's appeal to "church leaders, the community leaders and the elders" as primary partners in any subsequent enforcement response.[19]
Provincial council engagement
Police Commissioners have used Kadavu Provincial Council meetings at Tavuki village as the venue for major Kadavu cannabis policy statements. Documented engagements include:
- 24 March 2021 — Acting Commissioner Tudravu opens the Council meeting and reports the 82,700 cumulative figure.[3]
- 4 July 2022 — Commissioner Qiliho responds to a local plea raised in a talanoa session attended by Prime Minister Voreqe Bainimarama at Tavuki, advancing the landowner-liability framing.[6]
The 2022 engagement is the only documented direct involvement of Head of Government in cannabis enforcement policy in this dataset.
Operations history
Pre-Sasamaki era
Pre-2020 enforcement is undocumented in this dataset and warrants archival research.citation needed The Vakasukawaqa (2021) review indicates that Kadavu had been labelled "drug capital of Fiji" for over fifty years, placing the origin of large-scale Kadavu cultivation in approximately the 1970s.[2]
2020
Three discrete cases are documented across 2020:
- [February 2020] — Ketei village, Totoya, Lau. Village headman Yanuyanu Uludole discovered a cannabis farm on the boundary between Ketei and Tovu villages while inspecting a recently burnt pine plantation. Uludole uprooted the plants himself before notifying police via the village chaplain. First documented self-eradication event in this dataset.[17]
- [May 2020] — Tukavesi area, Cakaudrove. Joint raid by Tukavesi Police Station and the Police Special Response Unit. Three operations: 700 plants from a farm in the Navonu Hills (27-year-old farmer arrested), nearly 100 plants from Lomalagi Farm in Dakuniba village (47-year-old man from Loa village arrested) and a possession arrest at the Bagasau checkpoint of a 30-year-old man from Nadavaci village.[12]
- [November 2020] — Kadavu and Tailevu simultaneous operations. Approximately 5,000 plants uprooted across the Kadavu localities of Levuka, Yale, Naioti and Nacomoto village over the prior week. A separate joint raid by the Eastern Division Task Force at Nadaro village in Vugalei, Tailevu, seized more than 1,700 plants.[15]
2021
Two retrospective statistics and two incident-level operations are documented:
- [January 2021] — Kadavu village, Tavuki tikina, Kadavu. More than 300 cannabis plants uprooted, with plants ranging from 57 cm to over 3 m in height.[20]
- [January 2021] — Vacalea village, Kadavu. Drug Operations Team uprooted more than 190 plants. Three village youths warned by police after threatening families who had assisted with the operation. First documented community-intimidation event in the Fiji dataset.[10]
- [March 2021] — Acting Commissioner Tudravu opens the Kadavu Provincial Council meeting at Tavuki and reports 82,700 plants uprooted from Kadavu since January 2020 with an estimated value of FJ$100 million. Twelve police teams had been deployed during the period.[3]
- [October 2021] — ACP Khan reports 90,027 plants uprooted from Kadavu in the first ten months of the year, with an estimated street value of FJ$1,500,386,000 and 36 arrests. Khan describes the period as a "second wave" of operations and notes that unauthorised inter-island travel on shipping vessels is being monitored as a primary trafficking vector.[4]
2022
- 4 July 2022 — Qiliho's landowner-liability statement at the Kadavu Provincial Council, with a parallel report of approximately 40,000 plants uprooted in the prior week. Largest single-week haul documented. First explicit drone surveillance reference.[6]
- [August 2022] — Court-ordered destruction at the Kadavu Police Station incinerator at Vunisea of 81,000 plants weighing over 5 tonnes from the 2018 to 2021 caseload, attended by Commissioner Qiliho and Kadavu Provincial Council Office representatives. 76 affidavits filed at the Suva Magistrates Court were approved on 5 August 2022.[5]
- [August 2022] — Multi-divisional operations across all four divisions. 27,000 plants discovered across five farms in the highlands above Koroivonu village in Cakaudrove (largest single-site discovery in this dataset). 4,000 plants from Lawaki terrain, Kadavu. Concurrent arrests in Nadi (a Savusavu suspect with dried cannabis, evidencing north-to-west supply movement; a Malolo suspect with methamphetamine), Navosa (two farmers with dried cannabis) and Nukuloa village (three men with dried leaves and seedlings).[13]
2023
- [January 2023] — Court-ordered destruction at Kadavu Police Station of approximately one tonne of cannabis from seven farms seized during 2022. A/ACP Livai Driu and senior officers attended. Driu noted that 2022 enforcement involved "long, rotational deployments of officer teams" to Kadavu.[21]
- [February 2023] — Qaranivai farm, Dogotuki tikina, Macuata. Joint operation by the Labasa Taskforce and Criminal Intelligence Unit. 4,590 plants seized; 23-year-old man from Vusavio village arrested. First documented Macuata cultivation event.[16]
- [March 2023] — Lovu village, Gau, Lomaiviti. Five cannabis farms discovered in the hills above Lovu village. 2,000 plants seized. Officers from the Eastern Division Task Force, CID, K9 unit, CSI and the Qarani Community Post participated, with assistance from youths of Nawaikama and Lovu villages. First documented Lomaiviti cultivation event.[11]
2024
No 2024 cannabis enforcement events are documented in this dataset.citation needed
The 2024 gap is conspicuous given the otherwise continuous reporting from 2020 to 2026, and is most likely attributable to a search-coverage gap rather than a genuine reporting drought. The February 2025 Tudravu transition to substantive Commissioner suggests that 2024 was a transitional year for the police command structure.citation needed
Operation Sasamaki era
Operation Sasamaki was launched on 1 March 2025 under Rusiate Tudravu, who had assumed the substantive Commissioner role the previous month.[1] The programme operated in nine sequential phases between March and December 2025, supported by approximately 700 deployed personnel and expanded drone surveillance for identification of remote plantations.[1] By December 2025 the programme reported the destruction of 18.2 tonnes of cannabis valued at FJ$241 million, the seizure of 11.1 kg of methamphetamine and cocaine valued at nearly FJ$7 million, and 1,239 arrests, the majority for possession and cultivation offences.[1]
Major operations
- [2025 Ono and Yale operations] — In a single week of operations on Kadavu, 31,000 plants found across multiple sites in the tikina of Ono, with a separate raid yielding nearly 4,000 plants from a farm in the tikina of Yale. A 19-year-old man arrested at the Yale site.[22]
- [2025 first programme retrospective] — Tudravu reports 4.9 tonnes of cannabis seized between 1 and 31 March 2025 nationwide, with 3.5 tonnes from Kadavu. Additional cultivation seizures named at Savusavu, Keiyasi, Rakiraki, Levuka, Vunidawa, Nabua, Lami, Nalawa and Tavua. 100 arrests, 96 charged. 93 percent year-on-year increase in drug-related case registrations.[23]
- [2026 nine-month retrospective] — Tudravu's National Talanoa Session statement reports the cumulative March-to-December 2025 figures, identifying Navosa, Kadavu and the Northern Division as the principal operational concentrations.[1]
- [2026 Natewa drone-led discovery] — 7,000 plants seized at Qaranibali farming area in Vusasivo, Natewa, Cakaudrove. Plants exceeded four metres in height. Drone surveillance led to discovery. Concurrent deployment of an Internal Affairs Unit team to Kadavu to investigate alleged abuse-of-authority complaints.[14]
Phase structure
Geographic distribution
Cannabis cultivation has been documented across all four divisions of Fiji.
Eastern Division
The most heavily documented division. Kadavu is the primary cultivation province, with confirmed cultivation across multiple tikina including Tavuki (Vunisea, Kadavu village), Yale, Ono, Nakasaleka (Lawaki) and at the village level at Vacalea.[5][20][10][22][13] The 2025 Tudravu site list also names Levuka as a Kadavu cultivation locality, distinct from the Lomaiviti heritage town of the same name.[23]
Lomaiviti cultivation is documented at Lovu village on Gau from 2023.[11] Lau cultivation is documented at Ketei on Totoya from 2020.[17]
Northern Division
Cakaudrove is the primary cultivation province, with confirmed cultivation in three sub-regions:
- The Natewa Peninsula (Vusasivo, Qaranibali, March 2026)[14]
- The Tukavesi south-coast area (Navonu Hills, Dakuniba, Loa, Bagasau, May 2020)[12]
- The Koroivonu hill country (August 2022, largest single-site discovery)[13]
Macuata cultivation is documented at Qaranivai farm in Dogotuki tikina from 2023.[16] Rabi is documented as a 2025 cultivation locality through the December 2025 administrator's request to police, although no Rabi raid is documented in this dataset.[19]
The 2025 Tudravu site list also names Savusavu as a Northern Division cultivation locality.[23]
Western Division
The Western Division is named through the 2025 retrospectives but is less individually documented at the incident level. Confirmed cultivation localities from the April 2025 site list include Keiyasi (Navosa), Rakiraki (Ra), Nalawa (Ra), Tavua (Ba) and the broader Navosa highlands.[23] The February 2026 retrospective identifies Navosa as one of three primary 2025 operational concentrations.[1] The August 2022 multi-divisional operations included two Navosa farmer arrests for possession of dried cannabis.[13]
Central Division
The Central Division is the least individually documented division. The November 2020 Tailevu Vugalei operation (1,700 plants at Nadaro village) is the principal incident-level event in this dataset.[15] The April 2025 Tudravu site list also names Vunidawa (Naitasiri), Nabua and Lami (both Rewa) as Central Division cultivation localities.[23]
Annual operational metrics
The following table consolidates cannabis-specific operational figures reported in this dataset. Where police-reported figures cover Kadavu only, this is noted; where figures cover all-Fiji nationwide totals, this is noted; where the figure is a court-destruction event covering material accumulated over multiple prior years, this is noted.
| Year | Plants | Mass | Value | Scope | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 (Jan–Jul) | 42,000 | — | FJ$119 million | Kadavu only | Vakasukawaqa[2] |
| 2020 (Jan)–2021 (Mar) | 82,700 | — | FJ$100 million | Kadavu only, 14-month cumulative | Tudravu, 24 Mar 2021[3] |
| 2021 (Jan–Oct) | 90,027 | — | FJ$1,500,386,000 | Kadavu only, 10-month cumulative | Khan, 21 Oct 2021[4] |
| 2018–2021 | 81,000 | 5+ tonnes | — | Kadavu, court-destruction event | Qiliho, 8 Aug 2022[5] |
| 2022 | 27,000 | — | — | Cakaudrove, single multi-day operation | Khan, 17 Aug 2022[13] |
| 2022 | 40,000 | — | — | Kadavu, single-week haul | Qiliho, 4 Jul 2022[6] |
| 2025 (Mar) | — | 4.9 tonnes | — | Nationwide, single-month | Tudravu, 16 Apr 2025[23] |
| 2025 (Mar–Dec) | — | 18.2 tonnes | FJ$241 million | Nationwide, nine-month cumulative | Tudravu, 26 Feb 2026[1] |
The discrepancy between the 14-month-cumulative-Kadavu valuation (FJ$100 million for 82,700 plants, implying approximately FJ$1,209/plant) and the 10-month-cumulative-Kadavu valuation seven months later (FJ$1,500,386,000 for 90,027 plants, implying approximately FJ$16,664/plant) is unexplained.citation needed
Personnel
Commissioners of Police
The substantive Commissioner role has been held by:
- Brigadier-General Sitiveni Qiliho — substantive Commissioner attested August 2022.[5] Concurrent senior role in the Republic of Fiji Military Forces. Documented direct involvement in Kadavu cannabis policy through the July 2022 Provincial Council statement and August 2022 Vunisea destruction.
- Rusiate Tudravu — Acting Commissioner attested March 2021.[3] Substantive Commissioner from February 2025; launched Operation Sasamaki on 1 March 2025.[1]
The transition between Qiliho's substantive tenure and Tudravu's substantive February 2025 appointment is not fully documented in this dataset.citation needed
Senior officers
- Abdul Khan — Acting Commissioner of Police attested January 2021.[20] Substantive ACP and Chief Operations Officer attested October 2021 to August 2022.[4][13]
- Livai Driu — Acting ACP and Chief Operations Officer attested in 2020 (May, "the West") and 2023 (January, Kadavu; February, Macuata; March, Lomaiviti).[12][21][16][11]
- Ana Naisoro — Police spokesperson attested February 2020 (Totoya, Lau).[17]
Provincial and commune-level participants
Internal affairs
The Fiji Police Force has publicly addressed concerns about the integrity of cannabis exhibit handling. At the August 2022 Vunisea destruction of 81,000 plants from the 2018 to 2021 caseload, Commissioner Qiliho framed the court-supervised destruction process as protecting against internal diversion of seized material: "by tightening up on this process, officers won't be tempted to take out drugs kept as exhibits and ensures the handling of illicit substances is done in a transparent and accountable manner".[5] Qiliho added that "officers who are working against efforts of combating the illicit drug trade have no place in the institution".[5]
In March 2026 the Fiji Police Force deployed an Internal Affairs Unit team to Kadavu to investigate allegations of property damage and abuse of authority by officers in the course of cannabis operations.[14] The deployment is concurrent with the 26 March 2026 Natewa drone-led discovery operation in Cakaudrove and is reported as a separate matter.[14]
Resistance and community response
Fijian cultivators and their associated communities have responded to enforcement with a range of strategies.
Community intimidation
The January 2021 Vacalea raid documents three village youths warned by police after threatening families who had assisted with the operation.[10] First documented community-intimidation event in the Fiji dataset.
Anticipated resistance
Commissioner Tudravu in March 2025 anticipated resistance from cultivators: "Despite the challenges faced out in remote and often difficult terrains, officers remain committed to the task at hand. We anticipate resistance and hostility from those involved, but we will not back down."[22] No documented resistance event has materialised in the Sasamaki era as of May 2026.citation needed
Self-eradication and community-led action
The February 2020 Ketei (Totoya) case documents village-level self-eradication, with the village headman uprooting plants himself and notifying police only after the destruction had occurred and the material had been deposited with the village chaplain.[17] The December 2025 Rabi case documents an administrator framing future enforcement as requiring collective community ownership alongside police action.[19]
Map
Recent news
| Article | Date | Province | Headline |
|---|---|---|---|
| News:2026-03-25/Enforcement/drones-uncover-7-000-plant-marijuana-farm-in-natewa-fiji | 25 March 2026 | Northern Division | Drones uncover 7,000-plant marijuana farm in Natewa, Fiji |
See also
Bibliography
- * Vakasukawaqa, R. T. Are we losing the battle: Fiji's efforts against illicit drugs. University of Canterbury, 2021. — Media analysis of 166 articles (66 Fiji Sun, 100 Fiji Times) between June 2020 and May 2021. The principal academic source on contemporary Fijian cannabis enforcement, including the cumulative early-2020 Kadavu seizure data and the "drug capital of Fiji" framing.
- Pryor, J., and Saito, S. "Drug and alcohol use in Fiji: a review." Pacific Health Dialog, vol. 17, no. 1, March 2011, pp. 7–14. — Peer-reviewed review including indenture-era introduction context and 1988 to 2006 hospital admission patterns.
- Cook, Samantha. "Fiji: Cannabis should be high on the government's agenda." Lowy Institute, 27 May 2021. [1]. — Pacific-region policy commentary documenting the 2020 Kadavu spear-gun anti-drone incident and FJ$86 million four-week seizure.
- Illicit Drugs Control Act 2004 (Fiji). — Current enforcement framework. Available at health.gov.fj and laws.gov.fj.
- Dangerous Drugs Act [Cap 114] (Fiji). — Predecessor enforcement framework. Available at paclii.org.
Archival leads
- Fiji Police Force annual reports — likely contain phase-by-phase Operation Sasamaki operational data and pre-Sasamaki cumulative figures by division and province. Access status unknown; freedom-of-information request may be required.
- Fiji Sun, Fiji Times, FBC News and Fiji Village 2024 archives — targeted search to close the 2024 reporting gap. Calendar year 2024 is currently undocumented in this dataset.
- Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (Suva) — Regional drug-control reports, including the Regional Model Law on the Control of Illicit Drugs (basis for the IDCA 2004) and any subsequent regional cannabis enforcement coordination data.
- US Embassy Suva INCSR submissions — analogous to Cambodia's annual INCSR cannabis-enforcement reporting via Wikileaks PlusD. No systematic search conducted.
- Fiji National Archives (Suva) — pre-1990s archival cannabis enforcement records, including any colonial-era Ordinance No. 21 enforcement actions.
- 2020 Kadavu spear-gun anti-drone incident — Fiji Sun, 22 July 2020, [2]. Predates the January 2021 Vacalea event as the first documented community-resistance incident. Pending ingestion as a News Item.
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Korobiau, S. (26 February 2026). "$241m marijuana seized in nine-month Police crackdown". Fiji Sun.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Vakasukawaqa, R. T. (2021). Are we losing the battle: Fiji's efforts against illicit drugs (Thesis). University of Canterbury.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Rabonu, I. (28 March 2021). "More Than 82K In Marijuana Plants Uprooted". Fiji Sun.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Kumar, A. (27 October 2021). "$1.5 Billion Marijuana Uprooted From Kadavu, Police Says". Fiji Sun.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 "More Than 5 Tonnes Of Marijuana Destroyed". Fiji Sun. 9 August 2022.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 "Top Cop Issues Stern Warning For Landowners Cultivating Marijuana". Fiji Sun. 5 July 2022.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Illicit Drugs Control Act 2004" (PDF). Republic of Fiji.
- ↑ "Is Marijuana Legal in Fiji?". Leafwell.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Dangerous Drugs Act [Cap 114]". Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute. Republic of Fiji.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 "Over 190 Marijuana Plants Uprooted In Kadavu Following Information". Fiji Sun. 12 January 2021.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 "Villagers Help Lead To Discovery Of Marijuana Farms". Fiji Sun. 16 March 2023.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 "700 Marijuana Plants Seized From A Farm In Navonu Hills". Fiji Sun. 27 May 2020.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 "More than 27,000 Marijuana Plants Discovered In Cakaudrove". Fiji Sun. 22 August 2022.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 Mala, R. (26 March 2026). "Drones uncover a massive marijuana farm in the North". FBC News.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "Close To 5000 Marijuana Plants Uprooted In Kadavu". Fiji Sun. 15 November 2020.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 "Farmer, 23, Arrested Over Discovery Of 4,000 Suspected Marijuana Plants". Fiji Sun. 13 February 2023.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 "Ketei Village Headman Finds Marijuana Farm, Police Are Informed". Fiji Sun. 9 February 2020.
- ↑ Raqio, M. (16 April 2025). "93% increase in registered drug cases from Police Operation Sasamaki in March". Fiji Village.
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 Naimatau, K. (20 December 2025). "Rabi Island battles growing marijuana use". Fiji Sun.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 "Over 300 Marijuana Plants Uprooted In Kadavu". Fiji Sun. 9 January 2021.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 "Two Tons Of Marijuana Destroyed In Kadavu". Fiji Sun. 30 January 2023.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Chand, A. (23 March 2025). "31,000 marijuana plants found on Kadavu". Fiji Times.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 Tudravu, R. (16 April 2025). "Police raid seizes 4.9 tonnes of marijuana, and $70k". Fijilive.