Rumsu
More actions
| Rumsu | |
|---|---|
| Hierarchy | |
| Growing Region | Western Himalayas |
| Growing Area | Kullu Valley |
| Geography | |
| Country | India |
| Province/State | Himachal Pradesh |
| District | Kullu District |
| Tehsil | Kullu Tehsil |
| Coordinates | 32.1144, 77.1794 |
| Settlement | |
| Type | Village |
| Population | 1,010 (2011) |
| Access | Bus and all-weather road (2011 census) |
| Landscape | |
| Elevation | 2,050–2,100 m |
| Terrain | North-facing slopes of a side valley of the Beas |
| Documentation | |
| Appellations | Chanderkhani Valley |
| Accessions | 4 |
Rumsu is a village in the Kullu Valley in Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh, India. It lies above Naggar in the Chanderkhani valley, a side valley at right angles to the Kullu Valley, on the path that climbs towards the Chanderkhani Pass.[1][2][3] The 2011 census recorded 1,010 inhabitants.[4]: 58 Four accessions of Chanderkhani Valley cannabis carry Rumsu as their locality; the Zomia Collective's collection documentation classes the population as a narrow-leafed drug-type landrace. One of the four was gathered by people making charas in the village.[1] Rumsu is among the places named in coverage of a 2022 Central Bureau of Narcotics operation against cannabis cultivation in Kullu district.[5]
Geography
Rumsu lies on the north-facing side of the Chanderkhani valley.[1] The collection documentation gives the village's height as 2,100 m and describes Rumsu as lying in the darkest and wettest part of the valley.[1] The accession pages place the village collection site at 2,050 m and the upper-field selection at 2,250 m.
The collector's diary of the September 2022 visit calls Naggar, on the eastern side of the Beas, "the gateway to Chanderkhani valley" and the start of the trail that climbs the valley towards the pass by way of Rumsu.[2] It places two of Rumsu's upper fields a couple of hours' walk from the village on the way to Chanderkhani, at 2,350 m and 2,400 m. The second lies "about 50m up the hill on the northern facing slope cresting the ridge up towards Chanderkhani".[3][6] The collection documentation gives the Chanderkhani Pass as 3,660 m high and describes it as a crossing between the Kullu Valley and the Malana Valley that visitors relied on until a road reached Malana.[1]
The 2011 census enumerated the village as "Up Muhal Rumsu", with 1,010 inhabitants (523 males and 487 females) in 226 households on 198.72 ha. It placed Rumsu in Kullu tehsil and in the Naggar community development block.[4]: 58[7] The census village directory records a bus service and an all-weather road, gives the distance to Kullu as 28 km and lists wheat, maize and barley as the main crops.[7]
Cannabis cultivation
The collection documentation describes cultivation in the Chanderkhani valley as historically semi-domesticated: small plots on steep terraces, where the plants grow with little tending and are often rubbed for charas on the spot.[1] For Rumsu it reports plants of exceptional humidity resistance, with long internodes that it attributes to low light. It notes garlic and shallot undertones in the feral population around the village.[1]
Four accessions come from Rumsu. The general population was gathered from plants across the valley by people making charas in Rumsu; the collector selected the other three from plants around the village, from the upper fields above it and from the feral plants around it.[1] The accession pages class the feral selection as feral and the other three as landrace. They record the general population and the village selection as semi-feral and intercropped; the upper-field selection is recorded as a rotating mono-crop. The collector's diary posts on Naggar and Rumsu, dated 4 to 6 September 2022, cover type specimens of both sexes from the Rumsu feral landrace and two of the upper fields.[2][8][3][6] The accession names carry the year 2022; the accession pages give the collection date as 03/09/2023.
A survey of traditional fibre plants in Kullu district, carried out between 2010 and 2012 and published in 2014, lists Rumsu among its study localities. Across those localities it found hemp the most widely used fibre plant, used by about 92 per cent of its informants; the uses it lists include rope and pula slippers. It gives no figures for individual villages.[9]
In September 2022 four Central Bureau of Narcotics teams destroyed cannabis on 12,900 bigha (1,032 ha) of forest land in Kullu district over two weeks, according to The Tribune.[10] Hindi-language coverage of the operation, which places it in the Manali and Manikaran area and gives 13,000 bigha over about three weeks, names the hills of Rumsu among the places where the teams worked.[5] The Zomia Collective's index of growing regions tags the Rumsu village area "Eradications Ongoing", a tag it defines as "Active eradication observed or reported". It leaves the village's upper fields untagged, which under the index's legend means they were directly documented or accessed.[11] A list of cannabis cultivation areas printed with a 2019 report in The Tribune names the Chanderkhani Pass among 16 places in Kullu district.[12]
Accessions
| Name | ID | Type | Elevation (m) | Priority | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220001 | Rumsu General Population 2022 | ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220001 | General population | 2050 | Medium |
| ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220002 | Rumsu 'Village' Selection 2022 | ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220002 | Selection | 2050 | Medium |
| ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220003 | Rumsu 'Upper' Selection 2022 | ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220003 | Selection | 2250 | Medium |
| ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220004 | Rumsu Feral Selection 2022 | ZOM-IND-HIM-0920220004 | Selection | 2050 | Low |
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "Chanderkhani Valley". Zomia Collective. Retrieved 27 September 2026.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Éloïse (4 September 2022). "Naggar-Rumsu". Zomia Collective. Retrieved 27 September 2026.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Éloïse (6 September 2022). "Rumsu Domesticate Landrace - Upper Field #1 (2350m)". Zomia Collective. Retrieved 27 September 2026.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Directorate of Census Operations, Himachal Pradesh (2014). District Census Handbook, Kullu: Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract (Report). Census of India 2011, Himachal Pradesh, Series 03, Part XII-B. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Central Bureau of Narcotics की बड़ी कार्रवाई, 13 हजार बीघा भूमि से नष्ट की चरस की खेती [Major Central Bureau of Narcotics operation: charas cultivation destroyed on 13,000 bigha of land]. ETV Bharat (in हिन्दी). 20 September 2022.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Éloïse (6 September 2022). "Rumsu Domesticate Landrace - Upper Field #2 (2400m)". Zomia Collective. Retrieved 27 September 2026.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Directorate of Census Operations, Himachal Pradesh. Himachal Pradesh - Village Amenities (Spreadsheet (DH_2011_DCHB_Village_Release_0200.xlsx)). Census of India 2011, District Census Handbook, Kullu. Retrieved 27 September 2026.
- ↑ Éloïse (5 September 2022). "Rumsu Feral Landrace". Zomia Collective. Retrieved 27 September 2026.
- ↑ Bhardwaj, Arvind; Rani, Savita; Rana, J.C. (June 2014). "Traditionally used common fibre plants in outer siraj area, Himachal Pradesh". Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources. 5 (2): 190–194.
- ↑ "Cannabis plants destroyed on 12,900-bigha forestland in Kullu". The Tribune. Tribune News Service. 21 September 2022.
- ↑ "Growing Regions". Zomia Collective. Retrieved 27 September 2026.
- ↑ Lohumi, Bhanu P (24 September 2019). "Drones to spot cannabis crop in Himachal". The Tribune. Tribune News Service.