Tincture of Indian hemp
More actions
| Kind | Pharmacy preparation |
|---|---|
| Part of the plant | Flower |
| Also called | Tinctura Cannabis Indicae Tincture of Hemp Tinctura Cannabis Tincture of Indian Cannabis Tincture of Cannabis |
| Language | English |
| Country | United Kingdom United States |
|---|---|
| Recorded in | British Pharmacopoeia (1864) Pharmacopoeia of the United States (1870) British Pharmaceutical Codex (1907) |
| First recorded | 1864[1]: 346 |
| Still made | Not known |
Tincture of Indian hemp (Tinctura Cannabis Indicae) is a solution of the extract of Indian hemp in spirit, an official preparation of British and American pharmacy. In the British Pharmacopoeia of 1864 it is an ounce of the extract dissolved in a pint of rectified spirit.[1]: 346 It was frequently ordered in mixtures, and it gave its green colour to the compound tincture of chloroform and morphine, a preparation of the chlorodyne kind.[2]: 203
Strength
The British tincture was made by dissolving the extract. Peter Squire gives it in 1880 as one part of extract to 20 of rectified spirit, so that 22 minims contained a grain of extract.[3]: 81 The British Pharmaceutical Codex of 1907 has five parts of extract in alcohol to 100, in a dose of 5 to 15 minims,[2]: 1176 and the British Pharmacopoeia of 1914 has 50 grammes of extract in 1,000 millilitres.[4]: 398
The American Pharmacopoeia of the United States of 1870 called its tincture Tinctura Cannabis, "Tincture of Hemp": 360 grains of the extract of Indian hemp dissolved in a pint of alcohol and filtered through paper.[5]: 303 Later American revisions made the tincture from the drug itself. King's American Dispensatory (1898) gives the pharmacopoeia's 150 grammes of Indian cannabis percolated with alcohol to make 1,000 cubic centimetres, and lists "Tincture of Indian hemp" and "Tinctura cannabis (U. S. P., 1870)" among its other names. It adds that "The extract and fluid extract are, however, more frequently employed than the simple tincture."[6] The Dispensatory of the United States of 1918 gives 100 grammes to about 1,000 millilitres, adjusted after an assay on dogs, and notes that this tincture was about a third weaker than that of 1890.[7]
In mixtures
The resin of the tincture separates when it is added to water. Squire lists "Waters and Watery Infusions" as incompatible with it and advises triturating it first with mucilage.[3]: 81 The 1907 Codex calls for one-sixteenth, "or better one-eighth", of the mixture's bulk of mucilage of acacia, diluted, with the tincture added in small portions and shaken after each.[2]: 1176
The 1918 Dispensatory names two preparations made with it: the compound tincture of chloroform and morphine of British pharmacy and the compound mixture of chloroform and morphine of the American National Formulary.[7] The British Pharmacopoeia of 1914 puts 100 millilitres of it in 1,000 of the compound tincture,[4]: 401 and the 1907 Codex has it in its formula for chlorodyne.[2]: 248 The National Formulary of 1888 uses it in a "Chloroform Anodyne", which it intended "to fulfil the same purposes" as the British pharmacopoeia's tincture of chloroform and morphine, though the two differed in composition.[8]: 87–88
The name
The 1918 Dispensatory warned American readers not to confuse the Indian hemp of the tincture with Apocynum cannabinum, known by the same name in the United States, and wrote: "The term 'Indian Hemp' should be dropped entirely, as its continued use has been the cause of at least one fatal mistake."[7] See Indian hemp.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 General Council of Medical Education and Registration of the United Kingdom (1864). British Pharmacopoeia. London: Spottiswoode and Co. – via Wellcome Collection.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain (1907). The British Pharmaceutical Codex: an imperial dispensatory for the use of medical practitioners and pharmacists. London: Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain – via Wellcome Collection.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Squire, Peter (1880). Companion to the Latest Edition of the British Pharmacopoeia (12th ed.). London: Churchill – via Wellcome Collection.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 General Council of Medical Education and Registration of the United Kingdom (1914). British Pharmacopoeia, 1914. London: Constable and Company – via Wellcome Collection.
- ↑ The Pharmacopoeia of the United States of America (fifth decennial revision ed.). Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Co. 1873 – via Wellcome Collection.
- ↑ Felter, Harvey Wickes; Lloyd, John Uri (1898). "Tinctura Cannabis Indicae (U. S. P.)—Tincture of Indian Cannabis". King's American Dispensatory – via Henriette's Herbal Homepage.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Remington, Joseph P.; Wood, Horatio C.; et al., eds. (1918). "Tinctura Cannabis. U. S. (Br.). Tincture of Cannabis". The Dispensatory of the United States of America – via Henriette's Herbal Homepage.
- ↑ American Pharmaceutical Association (1888). The National Formulary of Unofficial Preparations. Washington, D.C.: American Pharmaceutical Association – via Wellcome Collection.