Sanju (appellation)
More actions
| Sanju | |
|---|---|
| Sangzhu (桑株) | |
| HistoricalCannabis last recorded here in 1873 | |
| Hierarchy | |
| Growing Region | Southern Xinjiang |
| Growing Area | Khotan |
| Geography | |
| Country | China |
| Province/State | Xinjiang |
| Coordinates | 37.18, 78.46 |
| Landscape | |
| Terrain | Settlement of hamlets, gardens and fields where the Sanju river leaves the Kunlun for the plain, in Pishan County |
| Climate | |
| Climate Type | Arid |
| Growing history | |
| Grown | 1870[2]–1873[1] |
| Earlier names | Sánju; Sánjú |
| Conservation | |
| Populations | none documented yet |
Sanju is a historical cannabis appellation at the foot of the Kunlun, in Pishan County of Xinjiang, China. It lies in the Khotan growing area of the Southern Xinjiang growing region. Members of the British missions to Yarkand found hemp among its crops in 1870 and 1873, and H. W. Bellew wrote that it was grown there "for its resin, which is a staple export to India".[1]: 222 The settlement is now the town of Sangzhu (桑株镇) in Pishan County.[3]
Cultivation in the nineteenth century
Douglas Forsyth's mission of 1870 came down out of the desert to Sanju, "a richly wooded green ravine, along which lay a succession of hamlets, gardens, and groves, all which put together constitutes Sanju". Forsyth wrote that the party passed through fields of wheat, wild oats, hemp and maize and skirted gardens of apples, pears, peaches and walnuts.[2]: 14 George Henderson, who travelled with the mission, found many of the crops at Sanju being harvested: wheat, barley, maize, rice, sorghum and Indian hemp.[4]: 108
The British embassy of 1873–74 was at Sanju on 1 November 1873, the first day of its dispensary's register of patients.[5]: 67 Sanju was then a populous settlement of about twelve hundred households on the Sarighyar river, where the river comes out onto the plain. Its farmers grew wheat, maize, rice and barley; hemp for its resin; flax for the oil of its seed; cotton for their own clothes and for export; and garden crops with melons and tobacco.[1]: 221–222
On the road over the Sanju pass the embassy met caravans carrying charas from Yarkand towards Ladakh.[1]: 207, 217
Accessions
No accessions documented yet.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Bellew, H. W. (1875). Kashmir and Kashghar: A Narrative of the Journey of the Embassy to Kashghar in 1873–74 (PDF). London: Trübner & Co. – via Wikimedia Commons.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Yarkand (Forsyth's Mission): Copy or Extracts of Correspondence relating to the Mission of Mr. Douglas Forsyth to Yarkand (PDF). London: India Office. 1871 – via Wikimedia Commons.
- ↑ 皮山县人民政府办公室 (9 January 2026). 行政区划 [Administrative divisions]. 皮山县人民政府 (in 中文). Retrieved 20 October 2026.
- ↑ Henderson, George; Hume, Allan O. (1873). Lahore to Yarkand: Incidents of the Route and Natural History of the Countries Traversed by the Expedition of 1870, under T. D. Forsyth (PDF). London: L. Reeve & Co. – via Wikimedia Commons.
- ↑ Report of a Mission to Yarkund in 1873, under Command of Sir T. D. Forsyth, K.C.S.I., C.B., Bengal Civil Service (PDF). 1875 – via Wikimedia Commons.