Heilongjiang
More actions
| Heilongjiang | |
|---|---|
| Heilungchiang | |
| ActiveRecorded as grown here since 2000 | |
| Hierarchy | |
| Growing Region | Northeast China |
| Geography | |
| Country | China |
| Province/State | Heilongjiang |
| Coordinates | 47.98, 127.64 |
| Landscape | |
| Area | 472,000 km² |
| Terrain | Approximately Heilongjiang Province |
| Growing history | |
| Earlier names | Heilungchiang |
| Documentation | |
| Appellations | 0 |
| Accessions | 0 |
| Conservation | |
| Populations | none documented yet |
Heilongjiang is a cannabis growing area in China that covers Heilongjiang Province, in the Northeast China growing region. A checklist of the province's wild vascular plants published in 2022 lists Cannabis sativa, 大麻 (dàmá), as an invasive species.[1] Industrial hemp is grown in the province for fibre and for its flowers and leaves.[2]
Geography
The area is drawn on the whole of Heilongjiang Province, about 472,000 km². It is the northernmost part of the Northeast China region, bordered by Russia to the north and east, by Jilin to the south and by the Hulunbuir and Hinggan units of Inner Mongolia to the west.
Wild cannabis
The checklist of 2022, by Wang Hongfeng, Dong Xueyun and Mu Liqiang, records 2,276 species, subspecies and varieties of wild vascular plants in Heilongjiang. Of these, 2,122 are native plants backed by voucher specimens and 44 are widely invasive.[1] Its dataset lists Cannabis sativa as 入侵 (rùqīn, "invasive"), with a voucher specimen collected by Cao Wei, number CaoW5933, held at the Institute of Applied Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shenyang.[3]
Zhang Qingying and colleagues, who collected wild cannabis across China between 2011 and 2016, sampled wild populations in the neighbouring provinces of Jilin, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia. Their two samples from Heilongjiang, from about 50.25° and 48.01° N, were landraces.[4]
Early 20th-century hemp
In 1922 G. C. Hanson, the American consul at Harbin, sent the United States Department of Agriculture seed of "a variety of hemp grown at Anda", now Anda in Suihua. It came from the crop of 1921–22, with other produce of "the Provinces of Heilungchiang and Kirin, Manchuria" prepared for a farm exhibition in Indiana.[5] The fibre and oil-seed hemps described for Manchuria at the time are covered in the Northeast China growing region.
Industrial hemp
The provincial agriculture department calls industrial hemp 汉麻 (hànmá). In 2020 Heilongjiang grew 268,500 mu (about 17,900 hectares): 235,500 mu for fibre and 33,000 for flowers and leaves. The department's plan for 2021–2025 described the province as the country's largest supplier of raw hemp fibre and set a target of 1,000,000 mu by 2025. It named fibre-hemp bases in 14 counties and districts, among them Sunwu, Xunke, Zhaozhou, Hailun and Ning'an, and bases for flowers and leaves in seven, among them Bin County, Hulan and Zhaodong.[2] Growers register with the narcotics department of the county police under the province's narcotics control regulations, and buy seed of low-toxicity or non-toxic varieties (低毒、无毒) recognised by the province. For 2026 the department expected fibre hemp to be grown mainly around Qiqihar, Heihe, Suihua, Harbin, Jiamusi and Jixi.[6]
Accessions
No accessions documented yet.
Recent news
No news items are recorded for this growing area yet.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wang, Hongfeng; Dong, Xueyun; Mu, Liqiang (2022). 黑龙江省野生维管植物名录 [Checklist of tracheophyte in Heilongjiang Province]. 生物多样性 (in 中文). 30 (6) 22184. doi:10.17520/biods.2022184.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 黑龙江省农业农村厅 (27 December 2021). "关于印发《黑龙江省"十四五"特色经济作物发展规划》的通知" [Notice on issuing the Heilongjiang Province 14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Special Cash Crops]. 黑龙江省人民政府网 (in 中文). 黑农厅发〔2021〕329号. Retrieved 3 October 2026.
- ↑ Wang, Hongfeng; Dong, Xueyun; Mu, Liqiang (2022). "Checklist of tracheophyte in Heilongjiang Province: supplementary dataset" (XLSX). 生物多样性 Biodiversity Science (in 中文). entry 1914, Cannabis sativa. Retrieved 20 October 2026.
- ↑ Zhang, Q.; Chen, X.; Guo, H.; Trindade, L.M.; Salentijn, E.M.J.; Guo, R.; Guo, M.; Xu, Y.; Yang, M. (2018). "Latitudinal adaptation and genetic insights into the origins of Cannabis sativa L." Frontiers in Plant Science. 9 1876. doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.01876.
- ↑ Bureau of Plant Industry (1924). Inventory of seeds and plants imported by the Office of Foreign Seed and Plant Introduction during the period from July 1 to September 30, 1922 (PDF) (Report). Washington: United States Department of Agriculture. p. 36. No. 72.
- ↑ "黑龙江省2026年纤维汉麻生产技术指导意见" [Technical guidance for fibre hemp production in Heilongjiang Province, 2026] (in 中文). 黑龙江省农业农村厅. 11 May 2026. Retrieved 3 October 2026.