Ishim steppe
More actions
| Ishim steppe | |
|---|---|
| HistoricalCannabis last recorded here in 1902 | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 56.33, 68.33 |
| Country | Russia |
| Provinces/States | Tyumen Oblast |
| Primary Rivers | Ishim,Tobol |
| Growing history | |
| Grown | until 1902[1] |
| Earlier names | Ishim okrug; Yalutorovsk uezd |
| Conservation | |
| Populations | none documented yet |
The Ishim steppe growing region covers the part of the Ishim steppe that lies in southern Tyumen Oblast, Russia, on the lands of the old Ishim okrug and Yalutorovsk uezd of the Tobolsk governorate. In the 1890s the Ishim okrug, an open steppe plain, produced much flax and hemp, and its people made cloth, rope and cable from them for sale.[2] In 1902 the Yalutorovsk uezd, whose southern part belonged to the Ishim steppe, had 6,255 desyatinas (about 6,800 hectares) under hemp.[1]
Geography
The Ishim steppe is a plain in the south of Western Siberia between the Irtysh and the Tobol, shared by Kurgan, Tyumen and Omsk oblasts of Russia and the North Kazakhstan Region of Kazakhstan. It stands 120–140 metres above sea level. Low ridges running from north-east to south-west alternate with hollows that hold many fresh, bitter-salt and salt lakes, some of which dry out in summer. Meadow steppe and birch groves (kolki) grow on chernozem and grey forest soils, and the southern districts are wholly under the plough.[3] Brockhaus and Efron (1894) counted the steppe among the most fertile lands of Siberia, with its north richer in chernozem and fresh water than its south.[4]
The Ishim okrug lay in the south of the Tobolsk governorate and covered about 38,000 square versts (about 43,000 km²); the river Ishim crossed it from south-west to north-east for 320 versts.[2] The Yalutorovsk uezd, astride the Tobol, covered 19,044 square versts. Its southern part was a level plain dotted with shallow lakes, between which ran low ridges of sandy chernozem, much of them ploughed.[1] In 1923 the volosts of the two uezds were formed into districts. The region is drawn on the districts of Tyumen Oblast that grew out of them: Abatsky, Armizonsky, Aromashevsky, Berdyuzhsky, Golyshmanovsky, Isetsky, Ishimsky, Kazansky, Omutinsky, Sladkovsky, Sorokinsky, Uporovsky, Yalutorovsky and Yurginsky districts and Zavodoukovsky Okrug, with the towns of Ishim and Yalutorovsk.
Hemp and flax
At the end of the 19th century farming and stock-raising were the main occupations of the Ishim okrug, and its harvests left grain for export. Even the poorest peasant had at least five desyatinas under the plough. «Помимо зерновых хлебов, округ производить много льна и конопли» ("Besides grain, the okrug produces much flax and hemp"). From their extensive sowings of flax and hemp the people made good linen cloth, ropes and cables for sale, knitted seines and nets, and pressed vegetable oil.[2]
The sown area of the Yalutorovsk uezd in 1902 was 160,968 desyatinas, a figure the encyclopedia judged certainly below the real one. Hemp took 6,255 desyatinas of it and flax 2,327; spring wheat, oats and rye took most of the rest.[1] Across the steppe belt of the governorate, the home crafts of the peasants included spinning flax, hemp poskon' (the fibre of the male plants) and wool and weaving linen and cloth.[5]
Growing Areas
No growing areas documented yet.
Accessions
No accessions documented yet.
Recent news
No news items are recorded for this growing region yet.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Ялуторовск". Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона (in русский). Vol. XLIa. St Petersburg: Brockhaus–Efron. 1904. pp. 648–649 – via Wikisource.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Ишим, город". Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона (in русский). Vol. XIIIa. St Petersburg: Brockhaus–Efron. 1894. pp. 606–608 – via Wikisource.
- ↑ "Ишимская степь". Большая советская энциклопедия (in русский) (3rd ed.). Moscow: Советская энциклопедия. Retrieved 22 October 2026.
- ↑ Veinberg, L.B. (1894). "Ишимская степь". Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона (in русский). Vol. XIIIa. St Petersburg: Brockhaus–Efron. pp. 605–606 – via Wikisource.
- ↑ "Тобольская губерния". Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона (in русский). Vol. XXXIII. St Petersburg: Brockhaus–Efron. 1901. pp. 375–384 – via Wikisource.