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Landrace.wiki
The open database for landrace cannabis populations, their genetics and the traditional knowledge that sustains them.
Landrace.wiki is the comprehensive database for traditional cannabis genetics and their conservation status. Browse our collection of documented varieties, track conservation efforts, and contribute to preserving genetic diversity before it's lost forever.
⚠️ Conservation Alert: We've documented 288 landrace varieties globally. Current status: 🟢 127 Stable • 🟡 89 Vulnerable • 🟠 43 Endangered • 🔴 21 Critical • ⚫ 8 Lost Forever
Explore the Database
ZOM-IND-WEB-0620250031
The Upper Paren 'Lemon' Feral Selection 2025 is a feral landrace cannabis accession collected by Isabella and Éloïse of the Zomia Collective in West Bengal, India.
Cannabis indica
Cannabis indica Lam. is a historical botanical name originally published by Lamarck in 1785 for Indian drug-type cannabis specimens collected by Pierre Sonnerat. Its taxonomic status remains disputed. Major plant-name databases such as Plants of the World Online and World Flora Online currently treat C. indica Lam. as a synonym of Cannabis sativa L., while cannabis-specific taxonomic literature commonly retains indica-type plants at subspecies or variety rank within a monotypic C. sativa.
In the cannabis-specific literature, three positions persist. Monotypic treatments recognise only Cannabis sativa L. and place indica-type plants at infraspecific rank or treat them as synonyms. Polytypic treatments after Schultes et al. (1974) recognise C. indica as a distinct species, sometimes alongside Cannabis ruderalis. Intermediate treatments reduce indica-type plants to subspecific rank within C. sativa. A widely cited formal treatment in this last group, Small and Cronquist (1976), places drug-type plants as C. sativa subsp. indica (Lam.) E. Small & Cronquist.
In the influential revision of McPartland and Small (2020), Asian high-THC domesticates are placed in C. sativa subsp. indica, with South Asian narrow-leaflet plants treated as var. indica (Lamarck's original concept) and Central Asian broad-leaflet plants as var. afghanica (originally described by Vavilov in the early twentieth century), together with two wild varieties. This four-variety treatment provides a current framework for describing the range of plants typically labelled Cannabis indica. read more →
Encyclopedia
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Cannabis eradications
Featured Accessions
🟡 Vulnerable • Northeastern Thailand
Legendary landrace sativa known to many as 'Thai Sticks', grown in the Phu Phan hills of Sakhon Nakhon province in Northeastern Thailand. Famed for soaring cerebral effects and traditional bamboo stick curing. Facing extreme pressure from hybrid contamination and changing cultivation practices.
🟠 Endangered • Northern Afghanistan
Heavy indica from Afghanistan's historic hash-making region. Dense, resinous buds with sedating effects. Population declining due to ongoing regional conflicts and security issues.
🔴 Critical • Himachal Pradesh, India
Sacred variety from the isolated village of Malana, traditionally used for high-grade charas production. Facing extinction from tourism pressure and commercialization.
We are witnessing the rapid disappearance of traditional cultivation knowledge and genetic diversity in cannabis. These landrace populations represent thousands of years of natural and human selection, containing unique genetic traits and chemical profiles. Systematic documentation and conservation efforts can serve as a bridge—preserving irreplaceable genetic heritage while supporting traditional communities and advancing our understanding of this remarkable plant.
Recent Updates
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4 July 2026
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01:57 | Ethnobotanical Aspects of Cannabis in Southeast Asia (1975) 2 changes history −469 [Eloise Zomia (2×)] | |||
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01:57 (cur | prev) +202 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (CS1 conform: convert raw-inline refs to cite templates) | ||||
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01:03 (cur | prev) −671 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (Re-type Historical Source -> Book chapter; up-link parent volume; harmonise imprint) | ||||
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N 01:57 | Template:Infobox Book chapter 2 changes history +3,031 [Eloise Zomia (2×)] | |||
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01:57 (cur | prev) +34 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (Emit Has source editor from editor param) | ||||
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01:03 (cur | prev) +2,997 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (Create {{Infobox Book chapter}} (new Book chapter page type)) | |||
| 01:57 | Template:Infobox Historical Source diffhist +34 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (Emit Has source editor from editor param) | ||||
| 01:57 | Template:Infobox book diffhist +46 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (Emit Has source editor; Has source author falls back to editor for edited volumes) | ||||
| N 01:03 | Cannabis and Culture (1975) diffhist +12,565 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (Create Cannabis and Culture (1975) Book page (Vera Rubin ed., Mouton 1975)) | ||||
| N 01:03 | Category:Book chapters diffhist +308 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (Create Category:Book chapters) | ||||
| N 01:03 | Property:Has parent volume diffhist +362 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (Create Has parent volume (Page-typed): links a Book chapter to its parent Book volume) | ||||
3 July 2026
| N 19:40 | Research:2025-01-01/Journal article/comparative-analysis-of-cannabis-legalization-in-south-africa-and-zimbabwe-trajectories-commonalities-and diffhist +1,557 Eloise Zomia talk contribs (Create ResearchItem record (South Africa batch 2026-07-03; citation-verified via Crossref)) | ||||