Novosibirsk Oblast (growing region)
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| Novosibirsk Oblast | |
|---|---|
| ActiveGrown here in 2000 or later | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates | 55.28, 79.77 |
| Country | Russia |
| Provinces/States | Novosibirsk Oblast |
| Elevation | Up to 493 m |
| Area | 176,000 km² |
| Primary Rivers | Ob |
| Growing history | |
| Conservation | |
| Populations | none documented yet |
The Novosibirsk Oblast growing region covers Novosibirsk Oblast, in the south-east of the West Siberian Plain in Russia. In 2018 wild hemp was found on 771.5 hectares of the oblast, most of all in the Krasnozersky, Kuibyshevsky, Kargatsky, Kolyvansky, Suzunsky and Toguchinsky districts.[1] In the Baraba, according to an undated herbarium label, people used the stems of weedy hemp for fibre and its seed for oil.[2] In 2017 the oblast was one of the five Russian regions where hemp was grown as a crop.[3]
Geography
The oblast lies mostly between the Ob and the Irtysh. It takes in the southern part of the Vasyugan plain and the Baraba lowland, and in the east it reaches the Salair Ridge. The land is flat, mostly 150–200 metres above sea level, rising to 300–350 metres in the east; the highest point is 493 metres. The Ob crosses the eastern part from south to north, and the north-west drains to the Om and the Tara, tributaries of the Irtysh; many rivers end in lakes with no outlet.[4] Lake Chany is one such lake, in a basin of inland drainage. Swampy taiga in the north gives way southward to forest-steppe of birch groves and then to steppe. The oblast covers 178,200 km².[5]
Hemp in use
A sheet in the herbarium of the West Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, gathered by T. A. Vagina in the Baraba, carries the label «Однолетний сорняк. Растет на пашнях у дорог, близ жилья на огородах, и в садах» ("an annual weed; it grows on ploughland by the roads, near dwellings in kitchen gardens, and in orchards"), and adds that the local people used the stems for fibre and the seeds for oil. The label is undated.[2]
On 23 July 1971 E. Köhler and S. Nilsson gathered hemp on dry grassland in the forest-steppe at Lozhok, on the railway south of Novosibirsk (Köhler & Nilsson 78 (1971)).[6] In 1990 I. M. Krasnoborov gathered ruderal hemp in a sown field at the village of Ulybino in Iskitimsky District.[7] In 2019 E. Yu. Zykova of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden counted hemp among the 34 alien plants that have become invasive in the oblast. According to her checklist, hemp grows on fallow land and waste ground, by roads and houses, and in cattle yards and livestock camps, and has been recorded in most of the oblast's districts. The garden's herbarium has sheets from the Bagansky, Barabinsky, Zdvinsky, Iskitimsky, Kargatsky, Kolyvansky, Novosibirsky, Suzunsky, Toguchinsky, Ubinsky, Ust-Tarksky and Chanovsky districts.[8]
In 2017 hemp was grown as a crop in five Russian regions, Oryol, Penza and Novosibirsk oblasts, Mordovia and Altai Krai; it is made into coarse cloth, rope and cordage.[3] Varieties bred by the Federal Scientific Centre for Bast Crops, above all Surskaya, Vera and Nadezhda, are in demand among hemp growers in Novosibirsk Oblast and in more than a dozen other regions.[9]
Eradication
In 2003 more than 1.6 million hectares of the oblast were surveyed, and wild hemp was found on more than 40,200 of them. In Iskitimsky District it grew on land belonging to the Evsinskaya and Novosibirskaya poultry farms. Orders were issued to destroy it, and ploughing between 31 August and 3 September destroyed 50 hectares of hemp, more than 14 tonnes of raw plant matter.[10] In the first three months of Operation Mak in 2011, patches of wild hemp covering 577.9 hectares were found in the oblast, and 419.1 hectares had been destroyed.[11]
Of the 771.5 hectares found in 2018, local authorities destroyed 743.7, by deep autumn ploughing, mowing and herbicides; the work was completed in 24 districts. The head of the regional police drug-control department, Ivan Litus, told the oblast's anti-drug commission that more than 500 kilograms of drugs had been seized in 2018, 44 per cent of it marijuana, mostly made from hemp grown in the oblast and in demand in the countryside.[1]
Growing Areas
No growing areas documented yet.
Accessions
No accessions documented yet.
Recent news
No news items are recorded for this growing region yet.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "В Правительстве Новосибирской области обсудили уничтожение дикорастущей конопли". Правительство Новосибирской области (in русский). 4 June 2019. Archived from the original on 13 September 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2026.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Specimen MW0062832: Cannabis ruderalis". Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 22 October 2026.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Конопля возвращается на поля". Омский биокластер (in русский). 30 October 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2026.
- ↑ "Новосибирская область". Большая советская энциклопедия (in русский) (3rd ed.). Moscow: Советская энциклопедия. Retrieved 22 October 2026.
- ↑ "Novosibirsk (oblast, Russia)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 22 October 2026.
- ↑ "S12-24461: Cannabis sativa L." Herbarium Catalogue (S). Swedish Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 22 October 2026.
- ↑ "Specimen MW0062833: Cannabis sativa var. ruderalis". Moscow Digital Herbarium. Moscow State University. Retrieved 22 October 2026.
- ↑ Zykova, E.Yu. (2019). "Адвентивная флора Новосибирской области". Acta Biologica Sibirica (in русский). 5 (4): 127–140. doi:10.14258/abs.v5.i4.7147.
- ↑ Serkov, V.A.; Kabunina, I.V.; Rostovtsev, R.A. (2024). "Использование сортов отечественной селекции в коноплеводстве Российской Федерации". Международный сельскохозяйственный журнал (in русский). 67 (1): 90–93. doi:10.55186/25876740_2024_67_1_90.
- ↑ "Конопля растет рядом с птицефабриками". НГС (in русский). 4 September 2003. Retrieved 22 October 2026.
- ↑ "В Новосибирской области уничтожено более 400 га дикорастущей конопли". Академ.Инфо (in русский). 7 September 2011. Retrieved 22 October 2026.