Bhimbar
More actions
| Bhimbar | |
|---|---|
| Bhimber | |
| HistoricalGrown here in the past; no recent record either way | |
| Hierarchy | |
| Gene Pool | South Asian Gene Pool |
| Geography | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| Province/State | Azad Kashmir |
| Coordinates | 32.97, 74.08 |
| Landscape | |
| Area | 1,250 km² |
| Terrain | Approximately Bhimber District; hills on the Jammu border of the Gujrat district of the Punjab |
| Growing history | |
| Earlier names | Bhimbar, Bhimbhar |
| Documentation | |
| Appellations | 0 |
| Accessions | 0 |
| Conservation | |
| Populations | none documented yet |
Bhimbar is a historical landrace cannabis growing area in Bhimber District, administered by Pakistan as part of Azad Kashmir. The Kashmir region has been disputed between India and Pakistan since the partition of 1947.[1] In the 1890s Bhimbar was a district of the Jammu province of the State of Jammu and Kashmir. Wild hemp grew there in abundance and its bhang was sold into other districts; some witnesses from the Punjab told the Indian Hemp Drugs Commission that it was highly esteemed.[2][3]
The tract
The commission reported no cultivation of hemp in the Jammu province. It placed the wild growth there in the Jammu, Bhimbar, Jasrota and Udhampur districts, usually dense and sometimes scattered.[2] J. R. Maconachie, the Deputy Commissioner of Gurdaspur, told the commission that the plant grew "strongly" at Bhimbar, "on the Jamu border of Gujrat".[4] Mathra Das, a medical practitioner, wrote in a further paper that wild hemp grew "abundantly at Bhimbhar, in the territory of His Highness the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir", and that bhang "is generally exported for sale into other districts from Bhimbhar".[3]
Bhimbar bhang
In its report the commission wrote that "the bhang of Bhimbar is said by some Punjab witnesses to be highly esteemed".[2] In its chapter on the preparation of the drugs it named the bhang of Bhimbar in Kashmir, with that of Ambota, Gagret and Gurdaspur, as bhang regarded as superior.[5]: 94
Bhagwan Das, an assistant surgeon at Jhang, wrote that the people of the Jhang district called the cultivated plant shehun and the wild plant bhimbar, and in his oral evidence he said that Bhimbar "is the name of a hill in Kashmir and gives its name to a variety of the plant".[6]
Accessions
No accessions documented yet.
Recent news
No news items are recorded for this growing area yet.
See also
References
- ↑ "Kashmir". Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 October 2026. Retrieved 19 October 2026.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Indian Hemp Drugs Commission (1894). Report of the Indian Hemp Drugs Commission, 1893–94. Vol. I: Report. Simla: Government Central Printing Office. ch. III, "The existence, prevalence, and character of the spontaneous growth", paras. 81–82, pp. 32–33 – via Internet Archive.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Indian Hemp Drugs Commission (1894). "Further paper put in by Mathra Das". Report of the Indian Hemp Drugs Commission, 1893–94. Vol. V: Evidence of Witnesses from North-Western Provinces and Oudh and Punjab. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India. Punjab witness no. 49, p. 458 – via Internet Archive.
- ↑ Indian Hemp Drugs Commission (1894). "Evidence of Mr. J. R. Maconachie, Deputy Commissioner, Gurdaspur". Report of the Indian Hemp Drugs Commission, 1893–94. Vol. V: Evidence of Witnesses from North-Western Provinces and Oudh and Punjab. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India. Punjab witness no. 8, p. 371 – via Internet Archive.
- ↑ Indian Hemp Drugs Commission (1894). Report of the Indian Hemp Drugs Commission, 1893–94. Vol. I: Report. Simla: Government Central Printing Office. ch. VI, "Preparation of the raw drugs from the cultivated and wild plant", paras. 238–245, pp. 93–95 – via Internet Archive.
- ↑ Indian Hemp Drugs Commission (1894). "Evidence of Assistant Surgeon Bhagwan Das, Khatri, Jhang". Report of the Indian Hemp Drugs Commission, 1893–94. Vol. V: Evidence of Witnesses from North-Western Provinces and Oudh and Punjab. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India. Punjab witness no. 36, pp. 430–433 – via Internet Archive.