Talk:Satara

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Page scope

Satara treats the licensed ganja-growing tract of the Satara district of the Bombay Presidency, centred on Lengre in the Khanapur taluka, from the crop returns of 1881–82 to its abolition after the 1916–17 season. The present districts are treated at Sangli District and Satara District.

Data verification

Record source conflicts, dating problems and sources not used here. Keep narrative content on the article.

Discussion

Why the area is mapped

• The Hemp Drugs Commission's report (Vol. I, para. 125) names Satara and Ahmednagar as the two districts of the Bombay Presidency where regular cultivation was principally carried on.
• Three witnesses place nearly all of Satara's crop in the Khanapur taluka (Kharkar, Vol. VII p. 57; Down, p. 119; Kothavale, p. 193), with a few villages in Khatav. The 1885 gazetteer gives 359 of the district's 867 acres to the Khanapur sub-division in 1881–82.

Title

• The page takes the name the 1890s sources give the tract, the Satara district. The tract of 1893 lies mostly in today's Sangli District: the Khanapur, Tasgaon and Walwa talukas of the old Satara district passed after 1948 to South Satara, now Sangli (Maharashtra State Gazetteer: Satara, 1963, p. 546). The infobox stores both present districts.

Growing status

• The status is No longer grown.
• First grown: 1881. The earliest year a source records the crop grown, not the year it began: the 1885 gazetteer's return for 1881–82.
• Last grown: 1916. The excise report for 1916–17 (para. 41) gives one Khanapur village under the crop that year and says the cultivation at Lengre "has been abolished"; the report for 1917–18 (para. 33) says the cultivation in the Khanapur taluka was abolished during that year.
• Reason: Banned. The Excise Department stopped licensing the crop there. The reason the 1916–17 report gives is "a more complete control" over the manufacture of hemp drugs and the trade in them, by concentrating the crop in the Nagar taluka of Ahmednagar.

How the border is drawn

• The border is the Khanapur (Vita) taluka of Sangli District and the Khatav taluka of Satara District in OpenStreetMap (administrative relations 10356203 and 10354587), simplified, about 2,100 km². It is a proxy: these are the talukas the witnesses name for nearly all of the crop.
• The present Khanapur taluka is smaller than the taluka of the 1890s, which no source read maps. Lengre (Lengare) lies in the present taluka; Devikhind, Valat, Sangola and Bhad, named by Kothavale, have not been located.
• The isolated growing villages of the Satara and Valva talukas (Kothavale), the small areas in the Walwa, Tasgaon and Koregaon talukas (Down: 1 to 13 acres each), and the villages of the neighbouring states (Sangli, Jath, Aundh's Kharsundi, Miraj Junior) are outside the border.
• The map point (17.33, 74.64) is at Lengare, in the Khanapur (Vita) taluka; the border is not drawn from it.

Sources

• Hemp Drugs Commission, 1894. The witness headings and the key figures of Kharkar (pp. 57–58), Down (p. 119), Kothavale (p. 192), Vaidya (p. 98) and the presidency memorandum's district table (Vol. III, p. 89) were read on the page images; the rest in the OCR text.
• Spellings. The sources write Lengre, Lengri and Lingra for the village; the article uses Lengre and quotes the others as written.
• Gazetteers and excise reports were read in the Internet Archive OCR text; the 1885 gazetteer's page numbers are taken from its running heads.

Where the sources disagree

• Acreage. The 1885 gazetteer gives 867 acres for 1881–82; the Commission's table gives 411 for 1885–86 and 299 for 1892–93; the presidency memorandum gives a thirteen-year average of 335; Kharkar gives about 300 acres in Khanapur and not more than 15 in Khatav and Satara; Down gives 336 acres, 286 of them in Khanapur. The article gives each with its source.
• The gazetteer's district total (867 acres) is far larger than its figures for the Khanapur (359) and Khatav (8) sub-divisions; no other sub-division's figure for hemp was found in the OCR text.