Talk:Liou 3403 (1931)
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Evidentiary scope
The field label places the plant near the river flats by a gorge in Sinkiang, at 1,600 m, in August 1931. It gives no use and no word of cultivation. The accession is classified Feral, by inference from the label; the label does not say whether the plants descended from a crop. A single gathering does not establish a continuing population, and no conservation priority is assigned.
Label reading
Read twice, independently, from the Chinese Virtual Herbarium's image of the sheet (PE 00557998, 1,020 × 1,440 pixels).
- Field form (printed INSTITUTE OF BOTANY / NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PEIPING / FLORA OF CHINA, typed): Field No. L. 3403 / Date 18/8/1931 / Locality, a purple stamp in Chinese, partly blotted: 新疆 [·][·][·][·][·][·]峽[?]附近河灘 / Altitude 1600 m. / Family Urticae. / Name Canabis sativus followed by a word read once as Sauvage and left uncertain / Collector T.N.Liou. The six blotted characters were read once as ending 吉[?]龍[?] and once not at all; the second reading marks 灘 uncertain.
- Determination slip. Cannabis sativa Linn. / Determinavit W.Y.Hsia (by hand).
- Herbarium label (HERBARIUM ACADEMIÆ NATIONALIS PEKINENSIS / FLORA CHINENSIS, typed): Cannabis sativa Linn. / no place / Aug. 18, 1931 / Leg. T.N.Liou (3403). Det. W.Y.Hsia.
- SHINKIANG province stamp; stamped number 421620.
The two readings agree that the place below the province cannot be read.
Georeferencing
No point is given. The only place that can be read is the province, Xinjiang, far too large for a point; the gorge's name is blotted. Without its characters the gorge could not be searched in OpenStreetMap or Wikidata, and a search for gorges (峡) in Xinjiang returned nothing that could be tied to the label. The province field takes Xinjiang.
Editorial treatment
Classification. Feral follows from the label's river flats (河灘), a natural habitat, with no word of cultivation. It rests on the end of the stamp, which both readings read; the word after the name on the form, read once as Sauvage (wild), is too uncertain to be used.
Collector. The collector field keeps the label's T. N. Liou. He is Liou Tchen-ngo (刘慎谔, 1897 or 1898 to 1975): the Harvard botanist index gives T. N. Liou as the label form of Liou, Tchen-ngo, with the dates 1898–1975; Wikidata and Chinese Wikipedia give 26 August 1897. The prose links Liou Tchen-ngo. Chinese Wikipedia records that in 1931 he joined the Sino-French scientific expedition to the north-west, to Dihua (Ürümqi); the expedition's route is not traced here.
Elevation. The elevation field stores the label's 1,600 m.
Image. The Chinese Virtual Herbarium publishes its images under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, so the page cites each sheet's image and shows none.
Source citations remain in the article. Éloise 20:21, 13 October 2026 (+07)