Boseong
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| Boseong | |
|---|---|
| 보성 | |
| ActiveGrown here in 2000 or later | |
| Geography | |
| Country | Korea |
| Province/State | South Jeolla Province |
| Coordinates | 34.80, 127.18 |
| Landscape | |
| Area | 680 km² |
| Terrain | Hill country of the south-western coast; approximately the land of Boseong County. The hemp of the 2000s was grown mainly in Bokne-myeon |
| Growing history | |
| Documentation | |
| Appellations | 0 |
| Accessions | 0 |
| Conservation | |
| Populations | none documented yet |
Boseong is a cannabis growing area in Korea, mapped on Boseong County in the south-west of South Korea. Hemp has long been grown there for sambe, hemp cloth. In 2003 about 300 farm households in Bokne-myeon grew 40 hectares of hemp,[1] and in a survey of the same year Boseong cloth made up 35 per cent of the hemp cloth produced in the country.[2] Seed of a local cultivar of hemp was collected at Boseong in 2008 and 2009.[3]
Hemp cloth of the eastern hills
Records of the fifteenth century name Boseong among the many places in South Jeolla where much hemp cloth was made. A Japanese survey of about 1918 listed Boseong, with Gurye, Gokseong and Hwasun, among the important sources of hemp cloth in South Jeolla.[4]: 17 The province is high in the east and low in the west, and its main hemp-cloth districts, Gokseong, Gurye, Boseong and Damyang, lie in the hills of the east.[4]: 19 In Bokne-myeon and the neighbouring Gyeombaek and Miryeok myeon, hemp cloth was the local speciality from of old, and every village had its samgut, the pot in which the hemp stalks were boiled. A saying had it that no woman wanted to marry into Boseong, with its many hemp fields, because of the nights spent spinning.[1]
The county's figures, published in its history of 1995, show that farmers turned away from the crop when growing it came to need a government permit in 1975, and that Boseong's hemp output fell steeply from 1976. Weaving went on: from the 1980s into the 2000s, households in Boseong and Gokseong that no longer grew hemp wove cloth from thread bought from China or other districts.[4]: 20, 25
Hemp growing since 2000
In 2003 the 300 or so households growing hemp in Bokne-myeon made up to three or four times the return of rice from it. Seoul Shinmun reported that cheap Chinese hemp cloth arriving from 1997 had closed many of the remaining fields, and that the country's hemp fields had shrunk from about 300 hectares to 80.[1] The same spring the staff of the Bokne township office sowed hemp on 15,000 square metres of idle land above Juam Lake, to give the harvest's earnings to old people living alone and other households in need.[5]
Go's survey of 2003 found that Boseong produced 35 per cent of Korea's hemp cloth and supplied half of what was traded. Dried hemp bark, thread and cloth were sold at the market held every five days, mostly in direct sales that rested on trust between producer and buyer. Cloth woven from cheap Chinese thread had hurt the name of Boseong cloth since the late 1990s.[2]
Seed of a local cultivar of hemp was collected at Boseong in July 2008 and July 2009 for a study of Korean hemp cultivars, which compared it with the low-THC cultivar Cheungsam.[3] In 2016 Boseong was named with Dangjin and Samcheok among the hemp-growing districts whose fields were said to be as open to theft as those of Andong.[6] Boseong is among the places where sambe is still made.[7]
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nam, K. (4 July 2003). ""전통 삼베로 富農의 꿈 이뤘죠" / 전남 벤처농업연구클럽 연합회장 이찬식씨" ["I made my dream of a prosperous farm come true with traditional sambe": Lee Chan-sik, head of the South Jeolla Venture Agriculture Research Club federation]. Seoul Shinmun (in 한국어). Retrieved 29 October 2026.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Go, B.-J. (2004). "Research on hemp fabrics produced at Boseong". The Research Journal of the Costume Culture (in 한국어). 12 (1): 168–181.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Doh, E.J.; Lee, G.; Yun, Y.-J.; Kang, L.-W.; Kim, E.S.; Lee, M.Y.; Oh, S.-E. (2019). "DNA markers to discriminate Cannabis sativa L. 'Cheungsam' with low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content from other South Korea cultivars based on the nucleotide sequences of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase and putative 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase genes". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2019 8121796. doi:10.1155/2019/8121796.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Choi, S.Y. (2014). "The characteristics and changes of traditional hemp textile production of Gurye at Jeollanam-do in modern times (1920s~1980s)". The Research Journal of the Costume Culture (in 한국어). 22 (1): 16–27. doi:10.7741/rjcc.2014.22.1.016.
- ↑ "［무등산 통신］대마재배로 이웃돕는 공무원들" [Mudeungsan dispatch: civil servants help their neighbours by growing hemp]. Kyunghyang Shinmun (in 한국어). 3 July 2003. Retrieved 29 October 2026.
- ↑ Kim, S. (24 May 2016). "대마 주산지 도둑 설쳐대지만 단속 안돼…무방비로 재배" [Thieves run loose in the main hemp-growing area, but there is no enforcement]. Seoul Shinmun (in 한국어). Retrieved 29 October 2026.
- ↑ Sim, Y. (2022). "삼베" [Sambe]. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in 한국어). Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 12 October 2026.