Talk:Bhopawar
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Bhopawar treats the cannabis growing area of the former Bhopawar Agency's Dhar, Jhabua and Ali Rajpur states, today Dhar, Jhabua and Alirajpur districts, inside the Malwa growing region. The districts as administrative units are treated at Dhar District, Jhabua District and Alirajpur District.
Data verification
Record source conflicts, dating problems and sources not used here. Keep narrative content on the article.
Discussion
Why the area is mapped
- Gunion's memorandum on Central India (Hemp Drugs Commission report, vol. III, p. 158): "All over the Bhopawar Agency the plant is cultivated for bhang and ganja, rarely for charas"; production limited and, except next to British Nimar, for the cultivators' own use. The Political Agent's account of the method (p. 159).
- The Commission's report (vol. I, paras. 144, 215 and 709) repeats both.
- Since 2000: Free Press Journal, 20 November 2022 (Manawar, Dhar); Free Press Journal, 12 October 2026 (Chhota Itara, Alirajpur); Dainik Bhaskar, 15 October 2026, and Patrika, 16 October 2026 (Kalmoda, Jhabua); Free Press Journal, 16 and 20 October 2026 (Chaubara and five other police stations, Dhar).
- The title is the name the colonial sources use for the agency. The area is a separate hub, not part of Nimar: the sources treat the agency apart from both the British and the Indore Nimar districts, and Gunion sets the parts next to British Nimar apart from the rest.
Growing status
Active: the police reports of 2022 and 2026 describe plants standing in fields and on forest land. The colonial evidence is of 1893–94; no source read here gives a year when the cultivation of the agency ended.
How the border is drawn
- The border is the union of three districts in OpenStreetMap, Dhar (administrative relation 1976159), Jhabua (1976161) and Alirajpur (9529703), simplified and cut inside the Malwa border: about 14,900 km² in one part. Alirajpur district was part of Jhabua district until 2008.
- In 1908 the agency also held the Barwani and Jobat states and the Gwalior State's Amjhera district. Barwani lies in the Nimar region and is left out. Jobat police station belongs to Alirajpur district today (it took part in the 2026 Chhota Itara raid), so Jobat is inside; Amjhera is not placed here. The few slivers of the live Nimar and Barwani borders along the district line are subtracted.
- Where this border meets the border of a neighbouring place, the two share one line, drawn once. Redrawing it that way changed the area by under 1%: the figure stays about 14,900 km².
- The map point (22.55, 74.84) is a central point of the border.
Source conflicts
- The Chhota Itara count. Bhaskar English (11 October 2026) gives 2,070 plants; the Free Press Journal (12 October 2026) gives 2,040, made up of fields of 1,110 and 930. Both give 2,079 kg. The article uses the Free Press Journal's figure, which adds up.
Evidence not used
- The Imperial Gazetteer of India (1908) crop lists for the Dhar, Jhabua and Ali-Rajpur states name no hemp. A crop list is not evidence that the plant was not grown.
- A Free Press Journal report of 14 October 2022 of about 80 plants in a cotton field at Bharkua, under Gandhwani police station, does not name the district.
Accessions
No accession on the wiki lies inside the border (checked 21 October 2026).
Sources
- Hemp Drugs Commission, 1894. Vol. I paras. 144 and 215; vol. III pp. 158–160; read on the page images.
- Imperial Gazetteer of India (1908), Bhopawar Agency, pp. 145–146, read on the Digital South Asia Library page images.
- Press reports since 2022, read in full; dates from each page's own metadata.
- District administration of Alirajpur, "About District", read on 21 October 2026.