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Santal people

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Revision as of 14:48, 30 May 2026 by Eloise Zomia (talk | contribs)
Santal
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ (Santaṛ) · ᱦᱚᱲ (Hor)
Total population
approximately 6.7–7.6 million (2011–2022)
Regions with significant populations
  • India  6,570,807 (2011, Scheduled Tribe count)[1]
    • Jharkhand  2,754,723
    • West Bengal  2,512,331
    • Odisha  894,764
    • Bihar  406,076
    • Tripura  2,913
    • Assam  213,139 (counted OBC, not Scheduled Tribe)[verification needed]
  • Bangladesh  129,049 (2022)[2]
  • Nepal  51,735 (2021)[verification needed][3]
Languages
Santali
Religion
Sarnaism / Sari Dharam (bonga worship) and Hinduism, with Christian and other minorities — census classification contested (see Religion)
Related ethnic groups
Munda, Ho, Bhumij and other Munda-speaking peoples

References

  1. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India, Census of India 2011: A-10 Individual Scheduled Tribe Primary Census Abstract (per-community figures by state), New Delhi: Government of India, NADA central data catalog. Santal Scheduled Tribe population 6,570,807, summed across the five notifying states.
  2. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Population and Housing Census 2022: National Report, Dhaka: Government of Bangladesh, 2023. Santal population recorded as 129,049; disputed as an undercount by indigenous organisations (a 1941 survey recorded 829,025 in the same territory). Reported in "Ethnic population in 2022 census: Real picture not reflected", The Daily Star, 2022.
  3. National Statistics Office, National Population and Housing Census 2021: Caste/Ethnicity Report, Kathmandu: Government of Nepal, 2023, caste/ethnicity tables. Santhal/Satar recorded as a distinct caste/ethnicity category; figure (about 51,735) to be confirmed against the downloadable data file.