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Created page with "{{Accession |descriptive_name = Ban Bua General Population 2024 |accession_id = ZOM-THA-PHU-1220240005 |image = |image_caption = |show_map = yes |conservation_priority = High |flowering_time = 18-24 weeks |plant_height = 2-3 meters |terpene_profile = |aroma = |growth_pattern = Christmas tree |leaf_shape = Narrow |leaflet_count = 9 |photoperiod_response = Short-day |flower_structure = Foxtailed |gps_coordinates = |elevation = 200 |primary_local_name = กัญชา |ver..."
 
m Protected "ZOM-THA-PHU-1220240005": Accession page - data synced from inventory ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))
 
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|image_caption =
|image_caption =
|show_map = yes
|show_map = yes
|conservation_priority = High
 
|flowering_time = 18-24 weeks
<!-- Classification & Type -->
|plant_height = 2-3 meters
|classification = Landrace
|terpene_profile =
|accession_type = General population
|aroma =
|selection_type = N/A
|sexual_characteristics =
|chemotype = Unknown
|primary_purpose =
 
<!-- Flowering & Growth -->
|minimum_flowering_time = 16
|maximum_flowering_time = 20
|minimum_height = 2
|maximum_height = 3
|photoperiod_response = Short-day
 
<!-- Botanical Details -->
|growth_pattern = Christmas tree
|growth_pattern = Christmas tree
|branching = Apical dominant
|leaf_shape = Narrow
|leaf_shape = Narrow
|leaflet_count = 9
|leaflet_count = 9
|photoperiod_response = Short-day
|leaf_color = Light greens
|stem_color = Light greens
|stigma_color = Brown hairs
|serration = Shallow
|flower_structure = Foxtailed
|flower_structure = Foxtailed
|gps_coordinates =
 
|elevation = 200
<!-- Processing & Effects -->
|primary_local_name = กัญชา
|processing_method = Ganja
|vernacular_translation = Kạỵchā
|processing_notes = Whole branches dried and cured in semi-darkness in outdoor sheds
|aroma =
|effects =
|terpene_profile =
 
<!-- Geographic Hierarchy -->
|gene_pool = Southeast Asia
|regional_complex = Khorat Plateau
|growing_region = Northeastern Thailand
|growing_region = Northeastern Thailand
|growing_area = Isan
|growing_area = Phu Phan
|appellation =
|field =
 
<!-- Location -->
|country = Thailand
|country = Thailand
|province = Sakhon Nakhon Province
|province = Sakhon Nakhon
|admin_2 = Kut Bak
|admin_2 = Kut Bak
|admin_2_label = District
|admin_2_label = District
|admin_3 =
|admin_3 =
|admin_3_label = Subdivision
|admin_3_label =
|admin_4 =
|admin_4 =
|admin_4_label = Block
|admin_4_label =
|locality = Ban Bua
|locality = Ban Bua
|classification = Landrace
|coordinates = 17.070102, 103.783247
|elevation = 200
|aspect =
 
<!-- Traditional Names -->
|local_name = กัญชา
|pronunciation =
|vernacular_translation = Ganja
|synonyms =
 
<!-- Collection -->
|collection_method = Seeds
|collection_method = Seeds
|sourcing_type = Point of Origin
|sourcing_type = Point of Origin
|collection_type = Selection
|autochtonous = Yes
|collection_date = 2025-01-10
|collection_date = 2025-01-10
|farmer = Various
|sample_harvest_date =
|collector = Éloïse, Isabella
|collector = Isabella, Éloïse
|collector_affiliation = Zomia Collective
|farmer_name =
|expedition_id =
 
<!-- Conservation -->
|conservation_priority = High
|cultivation_status = Active
|cultivation_status = Active
|population_estimate = 10000
|cultivation_system_type = Mono-cropped
|cultivation_scale = Widespread regional cultivation
|legal_enforcement_threats = Legal cultivation permitted
|eradication_date =
|population_estimate =
|male_female_ratio =
|population_hermaphroditism =
|culling = Yes
|perceived_introgression_level = Minimal
|perceived_introgression_level = Minimal
|legal_enforcement_threats = Legal cultivation permitted
 
<!-- Cultivation Practices -->
|seed_sourcing = Seeds are grown on the farm, Seeds are sourced through informal local networks
|planting_method = Direct seeding
|cycle_1_earliest_planting = May
|cycle_1_latest_planting = June
|cycle_1_harvest_start = October
|cycle_1_harvest_end = February
|cycle_2_earliest_planting =
|cycle_2_latest_planting =
|cycle_2_harvest_start =
|cycle_2_harvest_end =
|observed_soil_type =
|soil_ph =
 
<!-- Preservation -->
|seed_storage_location = Zomia Genetic Library
|seed_storage_location = Zomia Genetic Library
|seed_quantity = 10000
|seed_quantity =
|seed_weight =
|seed_viability =
 
<!-- Genetic Relationships -->
|mother_plant_id =
|father_plant_id =
|related_accession =
|same_population_accessions =
}}
}}


'''Ban Bua General Population 2024''' is a domesticate landrace cannabis accession originating from [[Ban Bua]] on the [[Kut Bak plateau]] in the [[Phu Phan Mountains]] of [[Sakhon Nakhon Province]], [[Isan]], [[Thailand]]. The accession represents the broader open population maintained by farmers through traditional [[open-pollination]] practices and reflects the genetic diversity of the Lao-Isan cannabis gene pool present in the region.
'''Ban Bua General Population 2024''' is a [[Landrace cannabis|landrace cannabis]] [[Accessions|accession]] collected by [[User:Izazomia|Isabella]] and [[User:Eloise Zomia|Éloïse]] of the [[Zomia Collective]] in [[Sakhon Nakhon]], [[Thailand]].
 
This population includes several recognizable phenotypic expressions, most notably the locally named “Tiger Tail” (Hang Suea) and “Squirrel Tail” (Hang Krarok) types. Plants are cultivated for both recreational and medicinal purposes and are part of a long-standing ganja farming tradition in [[Northeastern Thailand]]. Seeds were collected at point of origin by [[User:Eloise Zomia|Éloïse]] and [[User:Izazomia|Isabella]] as part of the Zomia Collective’s ethnobotanical documentation and landrace preservation work.


== Geography ==
== Geography ==


[[Ban Bua]] is located on the [[Kut Bak plateau]] within the [[Phu Phan Mountains]] of [[Sakhon Nakhon Province]] in [[Isan]], [[Thailand]]. The region lies within the upland agricultural zone of [[Northeastern Thailand]] at an elevation of approximately 200 meters.
Ban Bua is located in [[Kut Bak]] district, [[Sakhon Nakhon]], Thailand, within the [[Phu Pha]] growing area of the [[Northeastern Thailand]] growing region at an elevation of approximately 200 meters.
 
The plateau environment experiences a tropical monsoon climate with distinct wet and dry seasons. Farmers typically plant cannabis during the rainy months and harvest during the dry season. The geographic isolation of the Phu Phan uplands has historically contributed to the preservation of locally adapted landrace populations.


== Collection Details ==
== Collection Details ==


Ban Bua General Population 2024 was collected from a farmer in Bua village who showed us his farm where he practices traditional [[open-pollination]]. This accession represents the general population rather than a specific phenotype, capturing the full spectrum of variation present within the Ban Bua landrace population. This includes both the robust “Tiger Tail” plants and the more delicate “Squirrel Tail” forms commonly observed in the area. Seeds were collected at point of origin and archived as part of the Zomia Collective’s seed preservation program.
This accession was collected by [[User:Izazomia|Isabella]] and [[User:Eloise Zomia|Éloïse]] in January 2025 from a broker in Ban Bua village. The seeds come from a several autochthonous, cultivated landrace cannabis populations of ranging in size grown by the villagers of Ban Bua.


== Botanical Characteristics ==
== Cultivation Details ==


Plants belonging to the Ban Bua population are tall narrow-leaf drug type cannabis plants reaching approximately 2–3 meters in height. Growth follows a Christmas tree structure with strong apical dominance and lateral branching.
The villagers of Ban Bua cultivate cannabis on a large scale, within a larger context of widespread regional cultivation.


Leaves are narrow with typically nine leaflets. Flowering occurs under a short-day photoperiod and may extend for 18–24 weeks under natural seasonal conditions. Flowers frequently display foxtailed structures and produce large quantities of seeded floral clusters typical of traditional ganja cultivation systems.
Cultivation of cannabis in Ban Bua is prominent in the landscape, with large fields up to 1000 plants grown nearby to the farmers respective houses in order to minimise theft. Beyond cannabis, the villagers grow diverse crops, including but not limited to rice, chillies, vegetables and various local herbs.  


Two prominent phenotypic expressions occur within the population. The Tiger Tail phenotype is characterized by thicker colas, stronger branching, and a heavier trichome coating, while the Squirrel Tail phenotype produces longer, more delicate, often foxtailed flowers with whispier morphology and sweeter aromatic profiles.
Farmers in Ban Bua typically heavily cull male plants and heavily select for yield and quality. Pollen often, if not always, comes from plants with hermaphroditic traits, which are common in this area.  


== Conservation Status ==
The seeds that the local farmers grow are sourced through diverse means. Primarily, they plant seeds that produced during the previous crop that are kept for the next season. Seeds are thus primarily grown on the farm and planted directly into the ground on prepared plots. Sometimes, farmers plant seeds from exceptional flowers sourced locally. Rarely, farmers will grow modern varieties alongside the traditional landraces in a separate plot.


The Ban Bua cannabis population remains widely cultivated by local farmers, with an estimated population size of approximately 10,000 plants across the surrounding farms. Despite its continued cultivation, several emerging pressures threaten the long-term genetic stability of the landrace.
The plants are grown according to the monsoons, with one cycle of planting and harvesting per year. The first cycle starts with planting from May to June and harvest occurs between October and February.  


Recent shifts toward seedless flower production have led to increased removal of male plants, reducing effective pollination and contributing to a genetic bottleneck. In some cases, hermaphroditic plants have begun to replace male plants as pollen sources. Additional risks include the introduction of foreign genetics and changing agricultural practices throughout [[Isan]].
Indoors, the plants are estimated to flower within 16-20 weeks.  


Conservation efforts led by the Zomia Collective aim to document and preserve these traditional populations by supporting farmers who maintain healthy male populations and by archiving seeds representing the full diversity of the Ban Bua landrace.
== Botanical Characteristics ==


== Context ==
The plants are tall, with most plants between two and three meters in height.


The [[Phu Phan Mountains]] of [[Sakhon Nakhon Province]] have long been a center of traditional cannabis cultivation. Local farmers in [[Ban Bua]] have preserved the Lao-Isan landrace through generations of careful selection and open-pollination, maintaining both cultural and genetic continuity. Historically, cannabis from this region was part of the famed Thai Stick trade, prized for its potent effects and complex terpene profiles.
In terms of morphology, the plants were exhibiting a natural apical dominance with Squirrel Tail phenos growing in a classic 'christmas tree' pattern while Tiger Tail expresses is a 'creeper' with the side branching taking place further down the length of the plant, leaving a huge main 'cola'. Foytong, a rarer, third pheno manifests similarly to Squirrel Tail. The leaf shape is narrow, slender and long with up to 9 leaflets or more. Serration is average, shallow if anything.


Today, Ban Bua remains a vital cultivation area on the [[Kut Bak plateau]], though modern agricultural practices and shifts toward seedless flower production are creating genetic pressures. Maintaining diverse male populations is critical for preserving the long-term stability and integrity of this landrace.
The plants are light green in color, both stem and leaf. Stigmas are dark brown.


== Current Status ==
The dried flowers from this accession were processed as ganja with whole branches dried and cured in semi darkness, typically in outdoor shed type constructions reserved for this purpose. Depending on the phenotype, the buds themselves are big, fluffy and thick after processing, with Squirrel Tail typically proving to be more loose and airy relative to the Tiger Tail phenos. Foytong is the loosest and airiest of them all.


Seed stock from Ban Bua General Population 2024 remains plentiful, though conservation efforts are essential to maintain genetic diversity in the face of modern cultivation pressures. The Zomia Collective continues to support farmers by encouraging open-pollination practices, preserving males, and archiving seeds representing the full phenotypic range of the landrace.
== Aroma ==
{{Section stub}}


Participation in ongoing conservation programs helps ensure this important Lao-Isan gene pool remains viable for future generations, sustaining both cultural heritage and the unique characteristics of Phu Phan cannabis.
== Effects ==


== Gallery ==
{{Section stub}}


<!-- Images can be added here -->
== Conservation Status ==


== See Also ==
The accession is recorded at high conservation priority. Cannabis cultivation is legal in the area and growers are replacing traditional landraces with modern genetics all throughout the growing region.


[[Ban Bua Landrace Collection]]
== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200px">
</gallery>


[[Zomia Collective Seed Bank]]
== Smoke Reports ==


[[Phu Phan Mountains]]
== See Also ==
* [[Northeastern Thailand]]


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

Latest revision as of 04:11, 15 March 2026


Ban Bua General Population 2024
ZOM-THA-PHU-1220240005
At a Glance
Classification Landrace
Accession Type General population
Selection Type N/A
Chemotype Unknown
Flowering Time 16–20 weeks
Plant Height 2–3 m
Photoperiod Short-day
Botanical Characteristics
Growth Pattern Christmas tree
Branching Apical dominant
Leaf Shape Narrow
Leaflets 9
Leaf Color Light greens
Stem Color Light greens
Stigma Color Brown hairs
Serration Shallow
Flower Structure Foxtailed
Processing
Method Ganja
Notes Whole branches dried and cured in semi-darkness in outdoor sheds
Hierarchy
Gene Pool Southeast Asia
Regional Complex Khorat Plateau
Growing Region Northeastern Thailand
Growing Area Phu Phan
Location
Country Thailand
Province/State Sakhon Nakhon
District Kut Bak
Locality Ban Bua
Coordinates 17.070102, 103.783247
Elevation 200 m
Traditional Names
Local Name กัญชา
Translation Ganja
Collection
Method Seeds
Sourcing Type Point of Origin
Autochthonous Yes
Date 2025-01-10
Collector Isabella,Éloïse
Conservation
Priority High
Legal Threats Legal cultivation permitted
Culling Yes
Introgression Minimal
Cultivation
Status Active
System Type Mono-cropped
Scale Widespread regional cultivation
Seed Sourcing Seeds are grown on the farm, Seeds are sourced through informal local networks
Planting Method Direct seeding
Cycle 1 Planting May–June
Cycle 1 Harvest October–February
Preservation
Seed Storage Zomia Genetic Library


Ban Bua General Population 2024 is a landrace cannabis accession collected by Isabella and Éloïse of the Zomia Collective in Sakhon Nakhon, Thailand.

Geography

Ban Bua is located in Kut Bak district, Sakhon Nakhon, Thailand, within the Phu Pha growing area of the Northeastern Thailand growing region at an elevation of approximately 200 meters.

Collection Details

This accession was collected by Isabella and Éloïse in January 2025 from a broker in Ban Bua village. The seeds come from a several autochthonous, cultivated landrace cannabis populations of ranging in size grown by the villagers of Ban Bua.

Cultivation Details

The villagers of Ban Bua cultivate cannabis on a large scale, within a larger context of widespread regional cultivation.

Cultivation of cannabis in Ban Bua is prominent in the landscape, with large fields up to 1000 plants grown nearby to the farmers respective houses in order to minimise theft. Beyond cannabis, the villagers grow diverse crops, including but not limited to rice, chillies, vegetables and various local herbs.

Farmers in Ban Bua typically heavily cull male plants and heavily select for yield and quality. Pollen often, if not always, comes from plants with hermaphroditic traits, which are common in this area.

The seeds that the local farmers grow are sourced through diverse means. Primarily, they plant seeds that produced during the previous crop that are kept for the next season. Seeds are thus primarily grown on the farm and planted directly into the ground on prepared plots. Sometimes, farmers plant seeds from exceptional flowers sourced locally. Rarely, farmers will grow modern varieties alongside the traditional landraces in a separate plot.

The plants are grown according to the monsoons, with one cycle of planting and harvesting per year. The first cycle starts with planting from May to June and harvest occurs between October and February.

Indoors, the plants are estimated to flower within 16-20 weeks.

Botanical Characteristics

The plants are tall, with most plants between two and three meters in height.

In terms of morphology, the plants were exhibiting a natural apical dominance with Squirrel Tail phenos growing in a classic 'christmas tree' pattern while Tiger Tail expresses is a 'creeper' with the side branching taking place further down the length of the plant, leaving a huge main 'cola'. Foytong, a rarer, third pheno manifests similarly to Squirrel Tail. The leaf shape is narrow, slender and long with up to 9 leaflets or more. Serration is average, shallow if anything.

The plants are light green in color, both stem and leaf. Stigmas are dark brown.

The dried flowers from this accession were processed as ganja with whole branches dried and cured in semi darkness, typically in outdoor shed type constructions reserved for this purpose. Depending on the phenotype, the buds themselves are big, fluffy and thick after processing, with Squirrel Tail typically proving to be more loose and airy relative to the Tiger Tail phenos. Foytong is the loosest and airiest of them all.

Aroma

Stub
This section is incomplete. Add sources and expand it.

Effects

Stub
This section is incomplete. Add sources and expand it.

Conservation Status

The accession is recorded at high conservation priority. Cannabis cultivation is legal in the area and growers are replacing traditional landraces with modern genetics all throughout the growing region.

Smoke Reports

See Also

References

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